ADJ: adjective
Definition
Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in
Մեքենան կանաչ է:/Mek’enan kanač ē. “The car is green.”
The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only. See DET for determiners and NUM for numerals.
In accordance with the UD approach, ordinal numerals (առաջին, երկրորդ, ութերորդ, հարյուր հիսուներորդ) are tagged as adjectives, although the traditional grammar classifies them as numerals. They behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically, with the exception that they cannot form degrees of comparison.
Most Armenian adjectives form comparative and superlative Degree (մեծ/meç, ավելի մեծ/aveli meç, ամենամեծ/amenameç) “big, bigger, the biggest”.
Examples
- մեծ/meç “big”
- հին/hin “old”
- կանաչ/kanač “green”
- անընկալելի/anënkaleli “incomprehensible”
- առաջին/aṙaǰin, երկրորդ/erkrord, երրորդ/errord “first, second, third”
Border cases
Resultative, subject, and past participles are word forms that share properties and usage of both adjectives and verbs. Note that both core participial forms (used to form finite indicative tenses) and adjectival participles (used in nominal predication with the copula or to modify nouns) are tagged VERB:
- հոգնած է/hognaç ē “he/she is tired”
- ստուգված է/stowgvaç ē “it is checked”
- գնացած է եղել/gnac’aç ē eġel “he/she had been gone”
- կառուցված, կառուցվող, կառուցվելիք շենք/kaṙowc’vaç, kaṙowc’voġ, kaṙowc’velik’ šenk’ “a building constructed, under construction, or to be constructed”
- հնչած, հնչող, հնչելիք զանգ/hnčaç, hnčoġ, hnčelik’ zang “a bell rung, ringing, or to be rung”
Note that some participial adjectives that are already lexicalized as adjectives are tagged ADJ, although they may retain certain verbal features.
- սոված/sovaç “hungry”
- հավասարակշռված/havasarakšṙvaç “balanced”
ADJ in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [ps] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]