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aux:pass: passive auxiliary

In this treatment of the rach periphrastic passive in Scottish Gaelic, rach is treated as an auxiliary and the head of the passive construction is the infinitive. The passive subject is a dependent on the infinitive with the relation nsubj:pass.

Surface forms of rach include chaidh (past), thèid (future), deach (dependent), deachadh and rachadh (conditional).

Examples

chaidh e sin a mhilleadh cho luath ‘s a thàinig e

‘That one was destroyed as quickly as it came’

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1	chaidh	rach	AUX	V-s	Tense=Past	5	aux:pass	_	_
2	e	e	PRON	Pp3sm	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	sin	sin	DET	Dd	_	2	det	_	_
4	a	a	PART	Ug	PartType=Inf	5	mark:prt	_	_
5	mhilleadh	mill	NOUN	Nv	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	cho	cho	ADV	Rg	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	luath	luath	ADV	Rg	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	's	's	CCONJ	Cc	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	PART	Q-r	PartType=Vb|PronType=Rel	10	mark:prt	_	_
10	thàinig	thig	VERB	V-s	Tense=Past	7	conj	_	_
11	e	e	PRON	Pp3sm	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3	10	nsubj	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AUX", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 7, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "DET", [ [ 9, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 15, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "ADV", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "ADV", [ [ 29, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "CCONJ", [ [ 35, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "PART", [ [ 38, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T10", "VERB", [ [ 40, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T11", "PRON", [ [ 48, 49 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-A1", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Past" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A4", "Person", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "3" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A5", "PartType", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A6", "VerbForm", "embedded-1-S1-T5", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A7", "PartType", "embedded-1-S1-T9", "Vb" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A8", "PronType", "embedded-1-S1-T9", "Rel" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A9", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T10", "Past" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A10", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T11", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T11", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A12", "Person", "embedded-1-S1-T11", "3" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "aux:pass", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "nsubj:pass", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "mark:prt", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R5", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R6", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R7", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R8", "mark:prt", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R9", "conj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R10", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: rach" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V-s" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: e" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pp3sm" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: sin" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Dd" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: a" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Ug" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: mill" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nv" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: cho" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Rg" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: luath" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Rg" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: 's" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Cc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: a" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Q-r" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: thig" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V-s" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: e" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pp3sm" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "chaidh e sin a mhilleadh cho luath 's a thàinig e",
    "error": true
}

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aux:pass in other languages: [cs] [de] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [gd] [gsw] [it] [no] [pa] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sv] [u] [vi] [yue] [zh]

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