Person: person
Person is a feature of personal pronouns and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (Ukrainian is a pro-drop language).
1: first person
In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.
Examples
- роблю “I do”
- робимо “we do”
2: second person
In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.
Examples
- робиш “you
Singdo” - робите “you
Plurdo”
3: third person
The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.
Examples
- робить “he/she/it does”
- роблять “they do”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Ukrainian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
236 tokens (14%) have a non-empty value of Person.
104 types (15%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
66 lemmas (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: VERB (130; 8% instances), PRON (100; 6% instances), DET (6; 0% instances).
VERB
130 VERB tokens (41% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (130; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (130; 100%), Mood=Ind (117; 90%), Aspect=Imp (116; 89%), Tense=Pres (104; 80%), Number=Sing (96; 74%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(23; 18% of non-emptyPerson): сплю, Вважаю, Запитаю, Сподіваємося, Зустріну, Маємо, Пишу, Піду, Сиджу, дрімаю2(19; 15% of non-emptyPerson): Почекайте, любиш, Іди, думай, Вчи, Знайди, Сиди, втікай, забудь, знаєш3(88; 68% of non-emptyPerson): є, каже, плаває, навчають, Кажуть, буде, мусять, запилюють, запилюються, змінятьEMPTY(189): був, пішов, сказав, було, зберігати, зароблено, копати, плавати, розмовляти, чекати
| Paradigm мати | 1 | 3 |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | Немає | |
| Number=Sing | має | |
| Number=Plur | Маємо | мають |
PRON
100 PRON tokens (65% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (100; 100%), Animacy=EMPTY (61; 61%), Case=Nom (57; 57%), Number=EMPTY (51; 51%).
PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(23; 23% of non-emptyPerson): я, мені, мене, ми, нас, нами2(16; 16% of non-emptyPerson): ти, тебе, ви, тобі, вас3(61; 61% of non-emptyPerson): він, його, вона, її, вони, них, Їх, ним, йому, їйEMPTY(53): це, що, дехто, те, все, ніхто, собі, всім, дещо, нічого
DET
6 DET tokens (18% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (6; 100%), Poss=Yes (6; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (6; 100%), Number=EMPTY (4; 67%), Case=Nom (4; 67%).
DET tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(2; 33% of non-emptyPerson): моя, мій2(1; 17% of non-emptyPerson): Ваші3(3; 50% of non-emptyPerson): його, їїEMPTY(28): Ті, свою, той, цей, Котра, Котру, Та, Ця, кожному, котрого
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (11; 58%),
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (2; 100%),
VERB –[vocative]–> PRON (1; 100%).
Person in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]