This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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root: root

The root grammatical relation points to the root of the sentence. A fake node ROOT is used as the governor. The ROOT node is indexed with 0, since the indexing of real words in the sentence starts at 1.

ROOT J' aime les frites . \n I love French fries .
root(ROOT, aime)
ROOT Il est grand . \n He is tall .
root(ROOT, grand)

Treebank Statistics (UD_French)

This relation is universal.

16448 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as root.

16448 instances of root (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 7.66950389105058.

The following 12 pairs of parts of speech are connected with root: fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/VERB (12091; 74% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/NOUN (2899; 18% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/ADJ (959; 6% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/PRON (193; 1% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/PROPN (180; 1% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/ADV (51; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/INTJ (31; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/NUM (24; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/SYM (10; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/X (7; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), fr-pos/ROOT-fr-pos/DET (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 0	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0 3 root	color:blue
1	Mais	mais	CONJ	_	_	3	cc	_	_
2	comment	comment	ADV	_	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	faire	faire	VERB	_	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	dans	dans	ADP	_	_	6	case	_	_
5	un	un	DET	_	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	contexte	contexte	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	structurellement	structurellement	ADV	_	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	raciste	raciste	ADJ	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	6	amod	_	_
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 0	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0 9 root	color:blue
1	C'	ce	PRON	_	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
2	est	être	VERB	_	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	véritablement	véritablement	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
4	pour	pour	ADP	_	_	7	case	_	_
5	le	le	DET	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	futur	futur	ADJ	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	7	amod	_	_
7	baptisé	baptiser	VERB	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	nmod	_	_
8	un	un	DET	_	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	changement	changement	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	de	de	ADP	_	_	11	case	_	_
11	cap	cap	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9	punct	_	_

# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 0	fgColor:white
# visual-style 0 4 root	color:blue
1	Il	il	PRON	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ne	ne	PART	_	_	4	neg	_	_
3	sera	être	VERB	_	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	présent	présent	ADJ	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	que	que	ADV	_	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	durant	durant	ADP	_	_	10	case	_	_
7	les	le	DET	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	10	10	NUM	_	_	10	nummod	_	_
9	premières	premier	ADJ	_	Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	10	amod	_	_
10	parties	partie	NOUN	_	Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4	punct	_	_


root in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]