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ccomp: clausal complement

A clausal complement of a verb or adjective is a dependent clause with an internal subject which functions like an object of the verb or adjective.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
He says that you like to swim
ccomp(says, like)
mark(like, that)
{
    "text": "He says that you like to swim ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 22, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 25, 29 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
He says you like to swim
ccomp(says, like)
{
    "text": "He says you like to swim ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 24 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
I am certain that he did it 
ccomp(certain, did) 
mark(did, that) 
{
    "text": "I am certain that he did it ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 1 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 2, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 5, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 21, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 25, 27 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
The boss said to start digging
ccomp(said, start)
mark(start, to)
{
    "text": "The boss said to start digging ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 23, 30 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

See this page for additional explanation and examples.

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English)

This relation is universal.

2990 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.

2866 instances of ccomp (96%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 5.52675585284281.

The following 30 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: VERB-VERB (2022; 68% instances), VERB-ADJ (313; 10% instances), VERB-NOUN (257; 9% instances), ADJ-VERB (206; 7% instances), VERB-ADV (31; 1% instances), VERB-PROPN (28; 1% instances), VERB-PRON (27; 1% instances), ADJ-ADJ (24; 1% instances), ADJ-NOUN (17; 1% instances), ADV-VERB (9; 0% instances), VERB-AUX (8; 0% instances), NOUN-VERB (7; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (7; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (7; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (3; 0% instances), ADV-ADV (3; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADJ-PART (2; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADV-ADJ (2; 0% instances), VERB-DET (2; 0% instances), VERB-SYM (2; 0% instances), ADJ-AUX (1; 0% instances), ADV-PART (1; 0% instances), AUX-VERB (1; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (1; 0% instances), PART-VERB (1; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADP (1; 0% instances), VERB-PART (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 9 ccomp	color:blue
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wonder	wonder	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	Google	Google	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_

# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 7 ccomp	color:blue
1	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_

# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 6 ccomp	color:blue
1	i	i	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	_	6	det	_	_
6	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	_	9	neg	_	_
9	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)

This relation is universal.

1304 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.

1302 instances of ccomp (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 4.92791411042945.

The following 19 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: VERB-VERB (826; 63% instances), VERB-ADJ (229; 18% instances), VERB-NOUN (119; 9% instances), ADJ-VERB (56; 4% instances), VERB-ADV (23; 2% instances), VERB-PRON (10; 1% instances), ADJ-ADJ (9; 1% instances), VERB-PROPN (8; 1% instances), NOUN-VERB (4; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (4; 0% instances), ADJ-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADV-VERB (3; 0% instances), VERB-AUX (3; 0% instances), AUX-VERB (2; 0% instances), ADV-ADJ (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PROPN (1; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-DET (1; 0% instances), VERB-X (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 23	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 23	fgColor:white
# visual-style 21	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 21	fgColor:white
# visual-style 21 23 ccomp	color:blue
1	_	_	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	_	_	DET	DT	_	3	det	_	_
3	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	6	nmod	_	_
4	_	_	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	6	nsubj	_	_
6	_	_	VERB	VBD	_	0	root	_	_
7	_	_	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	6	nmod	_	_
9	_	_	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	_	_	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
11	_	_	CONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
12	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	8	conj	_	_
13	_	_	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	_	_	DET	PRP$	_	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	16	amod	_	_
16	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	12	nmod	_	_
17	_	_	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
18	_	_	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
19	_	_	AUX	VBP	_	21	aux	_	_
20	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	21	nsubj	_	_
21	_	_	VERB	VB	_	6	parataxis	_	_
22	_	_	PRON	NN	_	23	nsubj	_	_
23	_	_	VERB	VBP	_	21	ccomp	_	_
24	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	23	iobj	_	_
25	_	_	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	_
26	_	_	PRON	NN	_	23	dobj	_	_
27	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_

# visual-style 14	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 14	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 14 ccomp	color:blue
1	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	2	nsubj	_	_
2	_	_	VERB	VBD	_	0	root	_	_
3	_	_	PROPN	NNP	_	2	dobj	_	_
4	_	_	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	_	_	VERB	VB	_	2	xcomp	_	_
6	_	_	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	5	nmod	_	_
8	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	_	_	DET	PRP$	_	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	14	nsubj	_	_
11	_	_	AUX	MD	_	14	aux	_	_
12	_	_	VERB	VB	_	14	cop	_	_
13	_	_	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	5	ccomp	_	_
15	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	17	nsubj	_	_
17	_	_	VERB	VBD	_	14	advcl	_	_
18	_	_	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	_	_	VERB	VB	_	17	xcomp	_	_
20	_	_	PRON	DT	_	19	dobj	_	_
21	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_

# visual-style 16	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 16	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 16 ccomp	color:blue
1	_	_	VERB	VBG	_	7	advcl	_	_
2	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	1	dobj	_	_
3	_	_	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	1	nmod	_	_
5	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	7	nsubj	_	_
6	_	_	AUX	MD	_	7	aux	_	_
7	_	_	VERB	VB	_	0	root	_	_
8	_	_	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	_	_	VERB	VB	_	7	xcomp	_	_
10	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	_	_	DET	DT	_	12	det	_	_
12	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	16	nsubj	_	_
13	_	_	VERB	VBZ	_	16	cop	_	_
14	_	_	DET	DT	_	16	det	_	_
15	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	16	amod	_	_
16	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	9	ccomp	_	_
17	_	_	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	_	_	DET	DT	_	19	det	_	_
19	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	16	nmod	_	_
20	_	_	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	19	conj	_	_
22	_	_	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
23	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	19	conj	_	_
24	_	_	CONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
25	_	_	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	_	_	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
27	_	_	CONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
28	_	_	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
29	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)

This relation is universal.

447 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.

414 instances of ccomp (93%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 5.0917225950783.

The following 8 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: VERB-VERB (428; 96% instances), VERB-AUX (9; 2% instances), AUX-VERB (3; 1% instances), ADJ-VERB (2; 0% instances), VERB-ADJ (2; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADP (1; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 7 ccomp	color:blue
1	It	_	PRON	PERS-SG	_	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	_	VERB	PAST	_	0	root	_	_
3	as	_	ADP	_	_	7	mark	_	_
4	though	_	SCONJ	_	_	3	mwe	_	_
5	he	_	PRON	PERS-P3SG-NOM	_	7	nsubj	_	_
6	had	_	AUX	PAST	_	7	aux	_	_
7	lost	_	VERB	PERF	_	2	ccomp	_	_
8	half	_	PRON	ADJ-SG-NOM	_	7	dobj	_	_
9	of	_	ADP	_	_	10	case	_	_
10	himself	_	PRON	RFL-P3SG	_	8	nmod	_	_
11	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	2	punct	_	_

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 9 ccomp	color:blue
1	He	_	PRON	PERS-P3SG-NOM	_	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	_	AUX	PAST-AUX	_	4	aux	_	_
3	n't	_	PART	NEG	_	4	neg	_	_
4	say	_	VERB	INF	_	0	root	_	_
5	how	_	ADV	WH	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	long	_	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	it	_	PRON	PERS-SG	_	9	nsubj	_	_
8	had	_	AUX	PAST	_	9	aux	_	_
9	been	_	AUX	PERF	_	4	ccomp	_	_
10	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	4	punct	_	_

# visual-style 12	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 12 ccomp	color:blue
1	As	_	SCONJ	_	_	4	mark	_	_
2	I	_	PRON	PERS-P1SG-NOM	_	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	_	AUX	PRES-AUX	_	4	aux	_	_
4	said	_	VERB	PERF	_	9	advcl	_	_
5	,	_	PUNCT	Comma	_	4	punct	_	_
6	84	_	NUM	CARD-PL	_	7	nummod	_	_
7	exporters	_	NOUN	PL	_	9	nsubj	_	_
8	have	_	AUX	PRES-AUX	_	9	aux	_	_
9	had	_	AUX	PERF	_	0	root	_	_
10	the	_	DET	DEF	_	11	det	_	_
11	undertakings	_	NOUN	PL	_	9	dobj	_	_
12	replaced	_	VERB	PASS	_	9	ccomp	_	_
13	by	_	ADP	_	_	14	case	_	_
14	duties	_	NOUN	PL	_	12	nmod	_	_
15	instead	_	ADV	_	_	12	advmod	_	_
16	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	9	punct	_	_

---

ccomp in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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