SCONJ
: subordinating conjunction
Description
A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other.
In Irish, subordinate conjunctions normally precede a subordinate clause marker such as go, a.
There is also a special case of using agus “and” (normally CONJ) as a subordinate conjunction, where the subordinate clause is missing a surface verb `to be’, yet will have a subject in use with a progressive aspectual phrase, an adjective, a past participle or locative adverb.
Examples
- nuair “when”
- tháinig sí ar ais nuair a chuala sí an nuacht “she came back when she heard the news”
- cé “even though”
- cé go raibh cuid mhaith ann san am gcéanna “even though there was a lot there at the same time”
- sula/sular “before”
- sular féidir linn imeacht, ní mór dúinn léarscáil a cheannach “before we leave, we need to buy a map”
- Seo pictúir a tógadh dhó agus é briste “here is a picture that was taken of it and it broken”
Source: Studies in Irish Syntax, Nancy Stenson (1981), Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag
Treebank Statistics (UD_Irish)
There are 23 SCONJ
lemmas (1%), 30 SCONJ
types (1%) and 365 SCONJ
tokens (2%).
Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ
is: 11 in number of lemmas, 12 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent SCONJ
lemmas: ach, nuair, mar, má, dá, agus, go, cé, mura, ná
The 10 most frequent SCONJ
types: ach, nuair, mar, má, dá, go, más, agus, cé, ná
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: ach (SCONJ 132, CONJ 3), mar (ADP 81, SCONJ 42), dá (SCONJ 21, CONJ 1), agus (CONJ 625, SCONJ 18), go (PART 246, ADP 39, SCONJ 15), cé (PRON 23, SCONJ 10, DET 2, NOUN 1, VERB 1), ná (CONJ 55, PART 10, SCONJ 8), dar (VERB 9, SCONJ 2, ADP 1), de_réir (ADP 10, SCONJ 2), ó (ADP 127, PART 31, SCONJ 2, INTJ 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: ach (SCONJ 95, CONJ 2), mar (ADP 76, SCONJ 39), dá (ADP 32, SCONJ 13, NUM 8, CONJ 1), go (PART 240, ADP 37, SCONJ 15), agus (CONJ 559, SCONJ 11), cé (SCONJ 6, PRON 3, NOUN 1), ná (CONJ 54, SCONJ 8, PART 8, X 1), is (VERB 69, CONJ 40, PART 30, SCONJ 4), dar (VERB 4, SCONJ 2), de_réir (ADP 9, SCONJ 2)
- ach
- mar
- dá
- ADP 32: D’ fhoilsigh Ó Cléirigh aistriúchán Breatnaise ar chuid dá shaothar .
- SCONJ 13: Tá chuile rud dá bhfuil le rá ráite a’m .
- NUM 8: Ba é Seán a d’ íoc as an dá thicéad , ticéid aisteacha , a shíl mé .
- CONJ 1: Airteagal 23 Oibríochtaí eachtracha Féadfaidh BCE agus bainc cheannais náisiúnta : - caidreamh a bhunú le bainc cheannais agus le hinstitiúidí airgeadais i dtíortha eile agus , más iomchuí , le heagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta ; - gach saghas sócmhainní airgid eachtraigh agus miotal lómhar a fháil agus a dhíol trí spotbheart agus réamhdhéileáil ; cuimseoidh an abairt ‘ sócmhainn airgid eachtraigh ‘ urrúis agus gach sócmhainn eile in airgeadra aon tíre nó in aonaid chuntais , is cuma cén fhoirm ina sealbhaítear iad ; - na sócmhainní dá dtagraítear san Airteagal seo a shealbhú agus a bhainisteoireacht ; - gach saghas idirbheart baincéireachta a sheoladh i ndáil le tríú tíortha agus le heagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta lena n-áirítear oibríochtaí chun iasachtaí a fháil agus a thabhairt .
- go
- agus
- cé
- SCONJ 6: Roghnaigh an bogha an banlaoch Clothra , cé nach raibh sí ach ina girseach ag an am .
- PRON 3: ’ Ach cé leis a dtiocfaidh a rá go bhfuil gaol nó dáimh ag an Éirinn sin le hÉire Bhriain is Chormaic , Éire Choinn Uí Néill ?
- NOUN 1: Ar fhágaint slán agus beannacht age cé na Coise an tráthnóna aoibhinn caithiseach Domhnaigh seo dhúinn , agus agena a raibh do dhaoine ina seasamh ann , cé go raibh cuid mhaith ann san am gcéanna , ní raibh cuma na hainnise ná na bochtanacht ar aon duine acu , rud ná beadh im chumas do rá leo anois dá mbeinn ann , comh fada lem thuairim .
- ná
- CONJ 54: Is fearr liom úlla ná oráistí .
- SCONJ 8: An rud a bhí ar intinn agam a dhéanamh ná post a fháil agus freastal ar an ollscoil san oíche .
- PART 8: Cad ina thaobh ná haithneodh , ná fuil sé do mo mhúineadh ?
- X 1: (5) Beidh cóip a thugann le tuisgint gur cóip í do clóbhuaileadh agus do foillsíodh ag an gComhairle no don Chomhairle fén alt so den chlár de dhochtúirí leighis a bheidh de thurus na huaire ar an gclár de dhochtúirí leighis is déanaí do clóbhuaileadh agus do foillsíodh amhlaidh , beidh an chóip sin ina fianaise in aon chúirt , go_dtí go gcruthófar a mhalairt , ar gach éinne go bhfuil a ainm iontrálta sa chlár san de dhochtúirí leighis do bheith cláruithe sa chlár fén Acht so agus dá réir agus ar éinne ná fuil a ainm iontrálta sa chlár san de dhochtúirí leighis do bheith gan bheith cláruithe amhlaidh .
- is
- VERB 69: Cailín is ea í .
- CONJ 40: Is é mo bhrón is mo chumha gur imigh an uair .
- PART 30: Ar ndóigh , is mó an nádúrthacht a bhaineann le samplaí di ná a chéile .
- SCONJ 4: Fad is a bhí an sclábhaíocht idirnáisiúnta ar siúl aige , áfach bhí fadhbanna ag baile - ní gá ach smaoineamh ar an gconspóid reatha faoi Stephen Byers , nó an pharailís sa chóras Sláinte poiblí .
- dar
- de_réir
- ADP 9: Éileofar air nó uirthi , áfach , taisteal chuig an Ionad de_réir mar is gá .
- SCONJ 2: (4) D’ fhonn amhras a sheachaint , aon achtachán a ndéantar leasú air le halt den Acht seo a scoireann de bheith i ngníomh amhail ar an agus ón lá dá dtagraítear i bhfo-alt (1) nó , de_réir mar a bheidh , amhail ar agus ó dháta éagtha na tréimhse ar lena linn a choimeádfar i ngníomh é faoi fho-alt (2) ( ‘ an t-éag ‘ ) , beidh feidhm aige agus beidh éifeacht leis amhail ar an agus ón lá sin nó , de_réir mar a bheidh , amhail ar an agus ón éag , mar a bhí feidhm aige agus éifeacht leis díreach roimh dháta an Achta seo a rith ach sin faoi réir aon leasuithe a dhéanfar le haon Acht eile den Oireachtas tar_éis an dáta rite sin .
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ
is 1.304348 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.449988).
The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “mura”: Mur, mara, mura, murab.
The 2nd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “ach”: ach, acht.
The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “agus”: agus, is.
SCONJ
occurs with 2 features: ga-feat/VerbForm (21; 6% instances), ga-feat/Tense (3; 1% instances)
SCONJ
occurs with 2 feature-value pairs: Tense=Past
, VerbForm=Cop
SCONJ
occurs with 4 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is _
(343 tokens).
Examples: ach, nuair, mar, má, dá, go, agus, cé, ná, mura
Relations
SCONJ
nodes are attached to their parents using 14 different relations: ga-dep/mark (270; 74% instances), ga-dep/advmod (35; 10% instances), ga-dep/mark:prt (26; 7% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (6; 2% instances), ga-dep/conj (6; 2% instances), ga-dep/cc (4; 1% instances), ga-dep/case (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/dobj (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/nmod (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/root (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/cop (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/parataxis (1; 0% instances)
Parents of SCONJ
nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (253; 69% instances), NOUN (60; 16% instances), ADJ (12; 3% instances), PRON (11; 3% instances), ADP (9; 2% instances), SCONJ (8; 2% instances), PROPN (4; 1% instances), ADV (3; 1% instances), ROOT (3; 1% instances), CONJ (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)
243 (67%) SCONJ
nodes are leaves.
84 (23%) SCONJ
nodes have one child.
25 (7%) SCONJ
nodes have two children.
13 (4%) SCONJ
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a SCONJ
node is 7.
Children of SCONJ
nodes are attached using 19 different relations: ga-dep/punct (93; 50% instances), ga-dep/advcl (21; 11% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (11; 6% instances), ga-dep/nmod (9; 5% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (8; 4% instances), ga-dep/conj (7; 4% instances), ga-dep/cc (6; 3% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (5; 3% instances), ga-dep/advmod (4; 2% instances), ga-dep/compound (4; 2% instances), ga-dep/mark (3; 2% instances), ga-dep/xcomp (3; 2% instances), ga-dep/acl:relcl (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/amod (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/csubj:cop (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/dobj (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/case (1; 1% instances), ga-dep/csubj:cleft (1; 1% instances), ga-dep/parataxis (1; 1% instances)
Children of SCONJ
nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: PUNCT (93; 50% instances), NOUN (25; 14% instances), VERB (24; 13% instances), PRON (9; 5% instances), ADJ (8; 4% instances), SCONJ (8; 4% instances), CONJ (7; 4% instances), ADP (5; 3% instances), ADV (3; 2% instances), PROPN (2; 1% instances), X (1; 1% instances)
SCONJ in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]