cop
: copula
In Irish, there is a distinction between the substantive verb bí `to be’, which inflects for tense, mood and person as per all Irish verbs – and the copula is, which only has two tensed forms - present/future and past/conditional.
Bí, as a verb, uses separate particles in negative and interrogative constructions. Is (copula) uses its own forms in these constructions. For example:
- ba (conditional/ past - positive)
- ar (past/ interrogative - positive)
- nach (present/ future - interrogative/ negative)
- ní (present/ future - negative)
The order of elements in a copula construction is in general: copula, predicate (new or focussed information), and subject
cop
is used to link the copula verb is and its predicate. See xcomp:pred to see how the verb bí is linked to a predicate.
Examples
#### equative construction
Is múinteoir é ‘He is a teacher’
idiomatic expressions
Ba mhaith liom gan fanacht ‘I would like not to stay’
cleft constructions
Is iad a bheidh ina gcomhaltaí de na coistí sin ‘It is they who will be members of those committees’
ownership constructions
An leatsa é? ‘Is it yours?’
Treebank Statistics (UD_Irish)
This relation is universal.
373 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as cop
.
368 instances of cop
(99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.23592493297587.
The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop
: NOUN-VERB (144; 39% instances), ADJ-VERB (126; 34% instances), ADP-VERB (46; 12% instances), PRON-VERB (35; 9% instances), PROPN-VERB (10; 3% instances), ADV-VERB (4; 1% instances), ADJ-PART (3; 1% instances), VERB-VERB (2; 1% instances), ADP-SCONJ (1; 0% instances), DET-VERB (1; 0% instances), X-VERB (1; 0% instances).
cop in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]