ADJ

This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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`ADJ`: adjective

Definition

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in

Ця машина є зелена. “The car is green.”

The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only. See DET for determiners and NUM for cardinal numerals.

In accord with the UD approach, adjectival ordinal numerals (перший, сьомий, стошістдесятий) are tagged as adjectives, although the traditional grammar classifies them as numerals. They behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically, with the exception that they cannot be compared and negated.

Most Ukrainian adjectives inflect for uk-feat/Gender (великий – велика – велике) “big”, uk-feat/Number (великий – великі), and uk-feat/Case (великий – великого – великому – великим – великім), uk-feat/Degree (великий – більший – найбільший).

Examples

великий “big”
старий “old”
зелений “green”
батьків, материн “father’s, mother’s” (possessive adjectives)
перший, другий, третій “first, second, third”
зроблений “done” (passive perfective participial adjective)
роблений “being done” (passive imperfective participial adjective)
роблячий “doing” (present participial adjective - it is considered ungrammatical but still used occasionally, which is why it is encoded)
зробивший “having done” (past participial adjective - it is considered ungrammatical but still used occasionally, which is why it is encoded)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Ukrainian)

There are 67 ADJ lemmas (11%), 77 ADJ types (11%) and 92 ADJ tokens (5%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADJ is: 3 in number of lemmas, 3 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADJ lemmas: перший, важливий, минулий, швидший, цілий, чесний, далекий, добрий, милий, повинний

The 10 most frequent ADJ types: Важливим, перший, швидший, далекому, мила, минулому, першим, повинен, розташоване, чесний

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas:

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: мила (VERB 2, ADJ 2)

мила
- VERB 2: Мама мила раму .
- ADJ 2: С’юзі , мила моя С’юзі , не втікай від мене в світ своїх ілюзій .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADJ is 1.149254 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.172859).

The 1st highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “минулий”: Минулої, минулим, минулому.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “перший”: перший, першим, першого.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “цілий”: цілих, цілу, цілі.

ADJ occurs with 9 features: uk-feat/Case (92; 100% instances), uk-feat/Gender (78; 85% instances), uk-feat/Degree (42; 46% instances), uk-feat/Aspect (22; 24% instances), uk-feat/VerbForm (22; 24% instances), uk-feat/Voice (22; 24% instances), uk-feat/Number (14; 15% instances), uk-feat/NumType (10; 11% instances), uk-feat/Abbr (1; 1% instances)

ADJ occurs with 21 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Ins, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Case=Voc, Degree=Cmp, Degree=Pos, Degree=Sup, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, NumType=Ord, Number=Plur, VerbForm=Part, Voice=Act, Voice=Pass

ADJ occurs with 45 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Acc|Gender=Fem (6 tokens). Examples: бронзову, золоту, півмільйонну, срібну, українську, цілу

Relations

ADJ nodes are attached to their parents using 11 different relations: uk-dep/amod (43; 47% instances), uk-dep/root (28; 30% instances), uk-dep/nmod (5; 5% instances), uk-dep/xcomp (5; 5% instances), uk-dep/dobj (3; 3% instances), uk-dep/conj (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/remnant (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/acl (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/appos (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/ccomp (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/nsubj (1; 1% instances)

Parents of ADJ nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: NOUN (35; 38% instances), ROOT (28; 30% instances), VERB (13; 14% instances), ADJ (6; 7% instances), NUM (3; 3% instances), ADV (2; 2% instances), PRON (2; 2% instances), PROPN (2; 2% instances), DET (1; 1% instances)

41 (45%) ADJ nodes are leaves.

18 (20%) ADJ nodes have one child.

6 (7%) ADJ nodes have two children.

27 (29%) ADJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADJ node is 6.

Children of ADJ nodes are attached using 25 different relations: uk-dep/punct (38; 29% instances), uk-dep/cop (17; 13% instances), uk-dep/nsubj (12; 9% instances), uk-dep/nsubjpass (7; 5% instances), uk-dep/auxpass (6; 5% instances), uk-dep/case (6; 5% instances), uk-dep/advmod (5; 4% instances), uk-dep/neg (5; 4% instances), uk-dep/csubj (4; 3% instances), uk-dep/nmod (4; 3% instances), uk-dep/xcomp (4; 3% instances), uk-dep/det (3; 2% instances), uk-dep/amod (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/cc (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/conj (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/discourse (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/remnant (2; 2% instances), uk-dep/advcl (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/appos (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/csubjpass (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/iobj (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/mark (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/nummod (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/nummod:gov (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/parataxis (1; 1% instances)

Children of ADJ nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: PUNCT (38; 29% instances), VERB (34; 26% instances), NOUN (16; 12% instances), PART (7; 5% instances), ADJ (6; 5% instances), ADP (6; 5% instances), ADV (5; 4% instances), DET (4; 3% instances), PRON (4; 3% instances), CONJ (3; 2% instances), NUM (3; 2% instances), PROPN (3; 2% instances)