This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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VerbForm: form of verb or deverbative

We use VerbForm with non-finite verbs that function as heads of adjectival and adverbial clauses.

The verb forms that function as noun phrases (verbal nouns) are not marked with the VerbForm feature. These verb forms are considered two separate syntactic tokens. See overview/tokenization

Part: participle

Participle is a non-finite verb form which functions as adjectivals. The participles are introduced using a number of subordinating suffixes.

If the head of the relative clause is omitted (so-called “headless relative clauses”), we treat the word like a verbal noun.

Examples

Trans: transgressive

The transgressive, also called adverbial participle, is a non-finite verb form that shares properties of verbs and adverbs. In Turkish linguistics, these words are normally called converbs. However, since the UD definition Trans covers the use of converbs, we use the same label.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Ger, Part, Trans.

4786 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of VerbForm. 2888 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of VerbForm. 621 lemmas (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of VerbForm. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: tr-pos/VERB (4752; 8% instances), tr-pos/AUX (22; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADJ (10; 0% instances), tr-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances).

VERB

4752 tr-pos/VERB tokens (43% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of VerbForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and VerbForm co-occurred: Register=EMPTY (4752; 100%), Number=EMPTY (4661; 98%), Person=EMPTY (4661; 98%), Mood=Ind (4598; 97%), Aspect=Perf (4591; 97%), Negative=Pos (4391; 92%), Voice=EMPTY (3807; 80%), Tense=Pres (3053; 64%), Person[psor]=EMPTY (3049; 64%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (3049; 64%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of VerbForm:

Paradigm olPartTransGer
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Tense=Aorolmaz
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolmayacağından
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadığından
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Tense=Presolmamaktan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Presolmamdan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=2|Tense=Pastolduğundan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğundan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Pastolduktan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolmaktan
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Abil|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolabileceğini
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolmadığımızı
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadıklarını
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolmayacağını
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadığını
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolduğumuzu
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduklarını
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolduğumu
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğunu
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Passolunduğunu
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmasını
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolmayı
Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Mood=Abil|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolabileceğine
Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğuna
Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmasına
Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolmaya
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadığının
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğunun
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmasının
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolmanın
Aspect=Perf|Case=Loc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğunda
Aspect=Perf|Case=Loc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmasında
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Abil|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolabileceği
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Abil|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolabilmesi
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Abil|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolabilmek
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadığı
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmaması, olmayışı
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Tense=Presolmama
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastoldukları
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolmaları
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolduğum
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Presolmam
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğu, oldukları
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Presolması
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Passolunması
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolmak, olma
Aspect=Perf|Evidentiality=Nfh|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Pastolmuş
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolmadığımız
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadıkları
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolmayacağı
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolmadığı
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Tense=Futolmayacak
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Tense=Presolmayanolmadan, olmayıp
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolduğumuz
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastoldukları
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Tense=Pastolduğum
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Futolacağı
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Pastolduğu
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presolanolup, olunca, oldukça, olalı
Aspect=Rapid|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Presoluverip

AUX

22 tr-pos/AUX tokens (2% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of VerbForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and VerbForm co-occurred: Mood=Ind (22; 100%), Aspect=Perf (22; 100%), Number=EMPTY (21; 95%), Person=EMPTY (21; 95%), Tense=Pres (21; 95%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of VerbForm:

ADJ

10 tr-pos/ADJ tokens (0% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of VerbForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and VerbForm co-occurred: Number=EMPTY (10; 100%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (10; 100%), Case=EMPTY (10; 100%), Person=EMPTY (10; 100%), Person[psor]=EMPTY (10; 100%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of VerbForm:

NUM

2 tr-pos/NUM tokens (0% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of VerbForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and VerbForm co-occurred: NumType=Card (2; 100%), Number=EMPTY (2; 100%), Person=EMPTY (2; 100%), Case=EMPTY (2; 100%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of VerbForm:

Relations with Agreement in VerbForm

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in VerbForm: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (231; 71%).


VerbForm in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]