cop

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`cop`: copula

A copula is the relation between the nominal predicate and the copular verb быть “to be” (or its variants бывал, был). The verb становиться “to become”, despite being counted among copular verbs by some authors, is not analyzed as cop.

We normally take a copula as a dependent of its complement (the nominal predicate). The nominal predicate is usually a noun, an adjective or a participle.



  
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Андрей был честным человеком . \n Andrew was an honest man .
cop(человеком, был)
cop(man, was)
{
    "text": "Андрей был честным человеком . \n Andrew was an honest man . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 7, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 40, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 44, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 47, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 54, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 58, 59 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)

This relation is universal.

553 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as cop.

434 instances of cop (78%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.21157323688969.

The following 14 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: NOUN-VERB (327; 59% instances), ADJ-VERB (140; 25% instances), NUM-VERB (26; 5% instances), NOUN-PART (23; 4% instances), NOUN-AUX (12; 2% instances), ADJ-AUX (10; 2% instances), ADJ-NOUN (5; 1% instances), PROPN-PART (3; 1% instances), PROPN-VERB (2; 0% instances), ADJ-PART (1; 0% instances), ADV-PART (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADP (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PUNCT (1; 0% instances), NUM-AUX (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 5 cop	color:blue
1	Для	ДЛЯ	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	обеих	ОБА	NUM	CD	Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem	3	nummod	_	_
3	японок	ЯПОНКА	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
4	это	ЭТО	PRON	DT	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	стало	СТАТЬ	VERB	VBC	Aspect=Perf|Gender=Neut|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	олимпийским	ОЛИМПИЙСКИЙ	ADJ	JJL	Animacy=Inan|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Full	7	amod	_	_
7	дебютом	ДЕБЮТ	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Inan|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "ADP", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "NUM", [ [ 4, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 10, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "PRON", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 21, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "ADJ", [ [ 27, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 39, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "PUNCT", [ [ 47, 48 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Animacy", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "Animacy", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "Animacy", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A10", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A12", "Aspect", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Perf" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A13", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A14", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A16", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Past" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A17", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A18", "Animacy", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A19", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Ins" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A20", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A21", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A22", "Variant", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Full" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A23", "Animacy", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A24", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Ins" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A25", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A26", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "nummod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ДЛЯ" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: IN" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ОБА" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: CD" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ЯПОНКА" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ЭТО" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: DT" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: СТАТЬ" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VBC" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ОЛИМПИЙСКИЙ" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: JJL" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ДЕБЮТ" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "Для обеих японок это стало олимпийским дебютом .",
    "error": false
}



  
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# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 3 cop	color:blue
1	Правый	ПРАВЫЙ	ADJ	JJL	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Full	2	amod	_	_
2	фланг	ФЛАНГ	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	был	БЫТЬ	VERB	VBC	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	также	ТАКЖЕ	CONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	уязвим	УЯЗВИМЫЙ	ADJ	JJH	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Brev	0	root	_	_
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "ADJ", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "CONJ", [ [ 17, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 23, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 30, 31 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Animacy", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A3", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A5", "Variant", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Full" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A6", "Animacy", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A7", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A8", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A10", "Aspect", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Imp" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A11", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A12", "Mood", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A14", "Tense", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Past" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A16", "Animacy", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A17", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A18", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A20", "Variant", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Brev" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ПРАВЫЙ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: JJL" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ФЛАНГ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: БЫТЬ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VBC" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ТАКЖЕ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: CC" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: УЯЗВИМЫЙ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: JJH" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Правый фланг был также уязвим .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 1 cop	color:blue
1	Был	БЫТЬ	VERB	VBC	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
2	одним	ОДИН	NUM	CD	Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	из	ИЗ	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	организаторов	ОРГАНИЗАТОР	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	борьбы	БОРЬБА	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
6	с	С	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	филлоксерой	ФИЛЛОКСЕРА	NOUN	NN	Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "NUM", [ [ 4, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "ADP", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "NOUN", [ [ 13, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 27, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "ADP", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 36, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "PUNCT", [ [ 48, 49 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-A1", "Aspect", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Imp" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A3", "Mood", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A5", "Tense", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Past" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A6", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A7", "Animacy", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A8", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Ins" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A9", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A10", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A11", "Animacy", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A12", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A13", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A14", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A15", "Animacy", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A16", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A17", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A18", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A19", "Animacy", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A20", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Ins" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A21", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A22", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R5", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R6", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R7", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: БЫТЬ" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VBC" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ОДИН" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: CD" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ИЗ" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: IN" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ОРГАНИЗАТОР" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: БОРЬБА" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: С" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: IN" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ФИЛЛОКСЕРА" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NN" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Был одним из организаторов борьбы с филлоксерой .",
    "error": false
}

Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)

This relation is universal.

5104 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as cop.

3734 instances of cop (73%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.85148902821317.

The following 20 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: ADJ-AUX (2237; 44% instances), NOUN-AUX (1534; 30% instances), NOUN-PART (532; 10% instances), ADV-AUX (504; 10% instances), PRON-AUX (77; 2% instances), PROPN-AUX (75; 1% instances), VERB-PART (36; 1% instances), ADJ-PART (35; 1% instances), VERB-AUX (24; 0% instances), PRON-PART (11; 0% instances), PROPN-PART (10; 0% instances), SCONJ-AUX (10; 0% instances), ADV-PART (6; 0% instances), SYM-AUX (5; 0% instances), NUM-PART (2; 0% instances), SCONJ-PART (2; 0% instances), PART-AUX (1; 0% instances), PART-PART (1; 0% instances), SYM-PART (1; 0% instances), X-AUX (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 cop	color:blue
1	Алгоритм	алгоритм	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	должен	должен	ADJ	_	Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Brev	0	root	_	_
3	быть	быть	AUX	_	Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	применим	применимый	ADJ	_	Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Brev	2	nmod	_	_
5	к	к	ADP	_	_	7	case	_	_
6	разным	разный	ADJ	_	Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	7	amod	_	_
7	наборам	набор	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	исходных	исходный	ADJ	_	Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	9	amod	_	_
9	данных	данные	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "ADJ", [ [ 9, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AUX", [ [ 16, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "ADJ", [ [ 21, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "ADP", [ [ 30, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "ADJ", [ [ 32, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 39, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "ADJ", [ [ 47, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "NOUN", [ [ 56, 62 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 63, 64 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-A1", "Animacy", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A3", "Gender", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A5", "Degree", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A6", "Gender", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A8", "Variant", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Brev" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A9", "Aspect", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Imp" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A10", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A11", "Degree", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A12", "Gender", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A14", "Variant", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Brev" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A15", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Dat" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A16", "Degree", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A17", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A18", "Animacy", "embedded-5-S1-T7", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A19", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T7", "Dat" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A20", "Gender", "embedded-5-S1-T7", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A21", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T7", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A22", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A23", "Degree", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A24", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A25", "Animacy", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A26", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A27", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R6", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R7", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R8", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: алгоритм" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: должен" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: быть" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: применимый" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: к" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: разный" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: набор" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: исходный" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: данные" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "Алгоритм должен быть применим к разным наборам исходных данных .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 3 cop	color:blue
1	Для	для	ADP	_	_	2	case	_	_
2	этого	это	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	есть	быть	AUX	_	Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	2	cop	_	_
4	внешний	внешний	ADJ	_	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	5	amod	_	_
5	повод	повод	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "ADP", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 4, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AUX", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "ADJ", [ [ 15, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 23, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-A1", "Animacy", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A3", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A5", "Aspect", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Imp" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A6", "Mood", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A8", "Person", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "3" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A9", "Tense", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A10", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A11", "Voice", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A12", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A13", "Degree", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A14", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A16", "Animacy", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A17", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A18", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R0", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R3", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: для" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: это" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: быть" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: внешний" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: повод" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ],
    "text": "Для этого есть внешний повод .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 4 cop	color:blue
1	Но	но	CONJ	_	_	5	cc	_	_
2	главное	главное	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	-	-	PUNCT	-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	это	это	PART	_	_	5	cop	_	_
5	эффективность	эффективность	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	государства	государство	NOUN	_	Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "CONJ", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 3, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "PUNCT", [ [ 11, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 17, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 31, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "PUNCT", [ [ 43, 44 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-A1", "Animacy", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A3", "Gender", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A5", "Animacy", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A6", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A7", "Gender", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A8", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A9", "Animacy", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Inan" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A10", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A11", "Gender", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R0", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R2", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R3", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R5", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R6", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: но" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: главное" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: -" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: -" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: это" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: эффективность" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: государство" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "embedded-7-S1-T4", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ],
    "text": "Но главное - это эффективность государства .",
    "error": false
}

cop in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

cop: copula

Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)

`cop`: copula