Degree: degree of comparison
Degree of comparison is inflectional feature of some adjectives and adverbs. In Uzbek, adjectives and adverbs are in the zero form, or It is formed by adding the suffixes “-roq”, “eng”, “juda”, “g‘oyat(baghayot)”, “-gina, (-kina, -qina)”, “-sh, -ish”, “-mtir, -imtir”, “-sal”, “nim”, “och”, and “biroz”. Their type is determined according to their presence in the sentence.
Pos: positive, first degree
This is the base form that merely states a quality of something, without comparing it to qualities of others. Note that although this degree is traditionally called “positive”, negative properties can be compared, too.
Examples
- Qizil olma “Red apple”
- Yosh yigit “Young man”
Cmp: comparative, second degree
The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of another object.
Examples
- Chiroyliroq/go‘zalroq “prettier”
- Chaqqonroq/tezroq “quicker/faster”
- Bu yigit anavi yigitga qaraganda yoshroq “This man is younger than that one.”
Sup: superlative, third degree
The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of all other objects within a set.
Examples
- eng go‘zal “the prettiest”
- juda chaqqon “the quickest/fastest”
- eng yaxshi “the best”
- Bu yigit jamoamizda eng yoshi “This is the youngest person in our team”
- …
Dim: diminutive (Ozaytirma darajasi)
Morphologically derived form of a noun that indicates small size, or, metaphorically, affection towards the entity described by the noun. While nouns are the prototypical category in which diminutives are formed, the feature is not restricted to nouns and in some languages similar morphology can be observed with other categories (adjectives, verbs). O‘zbek tilidagi otlardagi kichraytirish-erkalash kategoriyasi belgi-bildiruvchi so‘zlarga ham xosdir. Belgining me’yordan kamligini bildiruvchi daraja ozaytirma daraja deyiladi.
Examples
- Oqish “light white”
- Ko‘kimtir “light blue”
- Sal kichkina “little bit small”
- Nim pushti “a little bit pink”
- Och yashil “light green”
- Biroz xafa “a little bit sad”
Degree in other languages: [af] [bej] [bg] [cs] [cy] [el] [en] [es] [et] [fi] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ka] [ky] [la] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [quc] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj] [uz]