Degree: degree of comparison
Degree
Degree of comparison is typically an inflectional feature of some adjectives and adverbs.
In Pomak the comparative and superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs is formed by using the particles pó_ “more” and naj “most”, which are posed before an adjective or adverb as a separate word and are annoted by the Degree=Cmp and Degree=Sup correspondingly.
Furthermore, diminutives and augmentatives are expressed by a variety of morphological means and annotated with Degree=Dim and Degree=Aug, respectively.
Pos: positive, first degree
Pomak adjectives are not tagged for positive degree.
Examples
- mlad _čulǽk “[a] young man”
- slátko _játo “[a] tasty food”
-
visóka _barčína “[a] high mountain”
- bóržo _so vórnahte “come back soon”
Cmp: comparative, second degree
The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of another object.
Examples
- újko je pó mlad ad báte ti “my uncle is younger / more young than your big brother”
- májčinono játo je pó slátko ad lélinono “[the] food of the mother is tastier / more tasty than [the one] of the aunt”
-
hórehon je pó visók at čeréšono “the walnut-tree is higher /more high than the cherry-tree”
- snóšti so naspáh pó húbbe ad annóvečera “yesterday I slept better / more good than the night before”
- dečjáta so vórnaho pó bóržo at tóga “the children returned earlier / more early than him”
Sup: superlative, third degree
The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of all other objects within a set.
Examples
- ty si naj mlad ad vritsǽh ‘you are the youngest / most young than all”
- naj slátkoto játo go jédah u vámi “the tastier / most tasty food I have eaten at your place”
-
naj visókyjes hóreh je sadén naj sétne “the highest / more high walnut-tree has been planted lately”
- naj húbbe so naspávom u dumá “the best / more good sleep I have at my home”
- dečjáta so vórnaho naj bóržo ad vritsǽh “the children returned earlier /most early than all”
Dim: diminutive
Examples
- Nouns
- čulǽček (čulǽk) “[a] little man (man)”
- žanínka / žaníca (žaná) “[a] little woman (woman)”
- bábička / bábica “[a] granny / grams”
- détence (déte) “[a] little child (child)”
- tópček, tópčetište, tópčence (top) “[a] little ball (ball)”
- kámenček (kámen) “[a] little stone (stone)”
- pótček (pot) “[a] little street (street)”
- góramček (góram) “[a] little tree (tree)”
- tomofílček (tomofíl) “[a] little car (car)”
- agledálce (agledálo) “[a] little mirror (mirror)”
- Adjectives
- gulǽmček (gulǽm) “biggish (big)”
- kámatonček (kámaton) “cutish (cute, beautiful)”
- parátiček (parátik) “badish (bad)”
- debélček (debél) “fatish (fat)”
- červénček (červén) “reddish (red)”
- cístček (cist) “cleanish (clean)”
- Passive participles
- udrítček (udrít) “mildly hit (hit)”
- avénatček (avénat) “midly wilted (wilted)”
- amýtček (amýt) “somehow washed (washed)”
- paledénček (paledén) “a little cold (cold)”
- aprátček (aprát) “[wearing] a little washed [clothes] (washed)”
- zamétenček (zaméten) “somehow wiped (wiped)”
- Adverbs
- duléčko (duléče) “a little far away (far away)”
- adgórečko (adgóre) “a little far up (far up)”
- atsýčko (atsýj) “a little further (further)”
- húbbefce (húbbe) “goodish , so and so good (good)”
- usulétanka (usulétna) “slowly-slowly (slow)”
- bóržko (bóržo) “quickish (quick)”
Aug: augmentative
Examples
- Nouns
- čulǽčište / čulǽčištǽko (čulǽk) “[a] big [bodied] man / [a] bad man (man)”
- žaníšte / žanǽko (žaná) “[a] big [bodied] woman / [a] bad woman (woman)”
- bábište / bábištæko (bába) “[a] big [bodied] old-woman / [a] bad old-woman (old-woman)”
- détetište / détetæko (déte) “[a] big [bodied] child / [a] bad child (child)”
- tópište / tópištæko (top) “[a] big ball (ball)”
- kámenište / kámenǽko (kámen) “[a] big stone / [a] rock (stone)”
- pótište / pótištæko (pot) “[a] big street / [s] bsf dtreet (street, road)”
- górmište / górmištæko (góram) “[a] big tree (tree)”
- tomofílište / tomofílištæko (tomofíl) “[a] big car (car)”
- agledálište / agledálištæko (agledálo) “[a] big mirror (mirroire)”
- Adjectives
- žýltišiček (žolt) “very yellow (yellow)”
- kámatnišiček (kámaton) “very beautiful (cute, beautiful)”
- gróznišiček (grózan) “very ugly (ugly)”
- parstívvišiček (parstív) “full of dust, full of sand (dusty, sandy)”
- mýkrišiček (mókar) “deeply wet / soaked (wet)”
- prývvišiček (prav) “completely straight (straight)”
- Passive participles
- apráttišiček (aprát) “[wearing] perfectly washed [clothes] (washed)”
- zagradénnišiček (zagradén) “fenced all around (fenced)”
- udríttišiček (udrít) “very wounded (wounded)”
- zaledénnišiček (zaledén) “extremely frozen (frozen)”
- zavíttišiček (zavít) “well covered (covered)”
- zalǽttišiček (zalǽt) “well watered (watered)”
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