This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

home pt/feat issue tracker

Person: person

Person is typically feature of personal and possessive pronouns / determiners, and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (pro-drop languages).

1: first person

In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.

Examples

• eu, nós
• quero, queremos

2: second person

In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.

Examples

• tu, você, vós, vocês
• queres, quereis

3: third person

The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.

Examples

• ele, ela, eles, elas
• quer, querem

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3. Some words have combined values of the feature; 1 combinations have been observed: 1|3.

20220 tokens (9%) have a non-empty value of Person. 4386 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. 1347 lemmas (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: VERB (15806; 7% instances), PRON (2763; 1% instances), DET (1283; 1% instances), AUX (368; 0% instances).

VERB

15806 VERB tokens (61% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (15805; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (15419; 98%), Mood=Ind (14142; 89%), Number=Sing (11980; 76%), Tense=Pres (8305; 53%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (888; 6% of non-empty Person): tenho, estamos, temos, vamos, sei, acho, estou, fui, podemos, vou
• 1,3 (48; 0% of non-empty Person): veja, esqueça, leia, Confira, cite, era, ligue, seria, Aventure, Desculpe
• 2 (19; 0% of non-empty Person): Sê, move, Compreendeste, Criaste, Olha, Rodeaste, Roubarás, Roubaste, Saiba, chamais
• 3 (14851; 94% of non-empty Person): é, foi, são, tem, está, há, disse, foram, vai, era
• EMPTY (10077): ser, ter, fazer, sido, ver, passado, dar, feito, dizer, passada

Paradigm ser	1	1,3	2	3
Hyph=Yes|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin				seja
Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin		seria		seria
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin				seriam
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin			Sê
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	serei			será
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf				será
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	era	era		era
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	fui			foi, foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin	fora			fora
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin				çe
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	sou, sô			é, eis, Sou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	seremos			serão
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp,Pqp|VerbForm=Fin				foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin				eram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	fomos			foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin				foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	somos			são
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin		for		for, fôr
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	fosse	fosse		fosse
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin				seja
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin				forem
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin				fossem
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin				sejam
Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf				ser
Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf	sermos			serem

PRON

2763 PRON tokens (41% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (2758; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (1966; 71%), Case=Acc (1907; 69%), Number=Sing (1746; 63%), Gender=Masc (1470; 53%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (322; 12% of non-empty Person): eu, me, nós, nos, -me, -nos, mim, meu, meus, nos*
• 2 (9; 0% of non-empty Person): te, ti, vós, -te, -vos, vos
• 3 (2432; 88% of non-empty Person): se, -se, ele, eles, o, ela, lhe, -lhe, elas, você
• EMPTY (3955): que, isso, quem, o, tudo, nada, isto, qual, a, os

Paradigm nós	1	3
Case=Acc,Dat|Reflex=Yes	nos
Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Masc|PrepCase=Pre	nós
Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Fem|PrepCase=Pre	nós
Case=Acc,Nom|PrepCase=Pre	nós
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc	nos	-nos
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Reflex=Yes	-nos, nos
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|PrepCase=Pre	nós
Case=Acc|PrepCase=Pre	nós
Case=Acc	nos, -nos
Case=Acc|Reflex=Yes	nos, -nos
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc	nos, -nos
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Reflex=Yes	nos
Case=Dat	-nos, nos*, nos
Case=Dat|Reflex=Yes	nos, -nos, -no
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc	nós
Case=Nom	nós

Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 95% lemmas (18) occur only with one value of Person.

DET

1283 DET tokens (4% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (1283; 100%), Definite=EMPTY (1283; 100%), Number=Sing (942; 73%), Gender=Fem (645; 50%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (181; 14% of non-empty Person): meu, nossa, nosso, minha, nossos, nossas, minhas, meus
• 2 (8; 1% of non-empty Person): vossa, teu, vosso, seu
• 3 (1094; 85% of non-empty Person): sua, seu, seus, suas
• EMPTY (34377): o, a, os, as, um, uma, este, esta, esse, todos

Paradigm seu	2	3
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur		seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Reflex=Yes		seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing	seu	seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Reflex=Yes		seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing		seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Reflex=Yes		seu
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Plur		seus
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Plur|Reflex=Yes		seus
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Sing		seus
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Sing|Reflex=Yes		seus
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur		seus
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur		sua
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Reflex=Yes		sua
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing		sua, seu
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Reflex=Yes		sua
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing		sua
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Reflex=Yes		sua
Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Sing		suas
Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Number[psor]=Sing|Reflex=Yes		suas

AUX

368 AUX tokens (87% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (363; 99%), Mood=Ind (309; 84%), Number=Sing (253; 69%), Tense=Pres (222; 60%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (9; 2% of non-empty Person): podemos, Estamos, poderemos, tenho, tinha, tive, tiver, vamos
• 1,3 (1; 0% of non-empty Person): deveria
• 3 (358; 97% of non-empty Person): pode, deve, tem, vai, está, poderá, podem, deverá, estão, vão
• EMPTY (54): ter, tendo, ser, vindo, devendo, acabar, estar, passar, podendo, poder

Paradigm ter	1	3
Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin		teria
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin		terá
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	tinha	tinha
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	tive	teve
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	tenho	tem
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin		terão
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin		tinham
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin		têm
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	tiver
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin		tivesse
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin		tenha
Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf		ter
Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf		terem

Relations with Agreement in Person

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (905; 77%), VERB –[iobj]–> PRON (241; 64%), VERB –[dep]–> VERB (21; 60%), VERB –[auxpass:reflex]–> PRON (21; 78%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (18; 60%), VERB –[dep]–> PRON (17; 89%), PRON –[conj]–> PRON (4; 80%), VERB –[acl]–> VERB (3; 60%), DET –[compound]–> PRON (1; 100%).

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-Bosque)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.

18583 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Person. 4560 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. 1339 lemmas (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: VERB (13241; 6% instances), AUX (2915; 1% instances), PRON (2426; 1% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances).

VERB

13241 VERB tokens (58% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (13240; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (12928; 98%), Mood=Ind (11963; 90%), Number=Sing (10161; 77%), Tense=Pres (7026; 53%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (751; 6% of non-empty Person): sei, tenho, acho, temos, estamos, fui, estou, espero, penso, queremos
• 2 (19; 0% of non-empty Person): Sê, move, Compreendeste, Criaste, Olha, Rodeaste-, Roubarás, Roubaste, Saiba, chamais
• 3 (12471; 94% of non-empty Person): é, foi, são, há, tem, disse, está, era, diz, estão
• EMPTY (9538): ser, fazer, ter, ver, passado, dar, feito, dizer, passada, feita

Paradigm ser	1	2	3
Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin			seria
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin			seriam
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin		Sê
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			será
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	era		era
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	fui		foi, foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin	fora		fora
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	sou, sô		é, eis, Sou, çe, é-
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	seremos		serão
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin			eram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	fomos		foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	somos		são
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin			foram
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			for
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	fosse		fosse, que
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin			seja, seja-
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			forem
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin			fossem
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin			sejam
Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf			ser
Number=Plur|Tense=Past	fomos
Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf	sermos		serem

AUX

2915 AUX tokens (82% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (2836; 97%), Mood=Ind (2496; 86%), Number=Sing (2048; 70%), Tense=Pres (1490; 51%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (147; 5% of non-empty Person): vamos, podemos, estamos, vou, tenho, temos, comecei, estou, posso, tinha
• 2 (1; 0% of non-empty Person): vais
• 3 (2767; 95% of non-empty Person): foi, vai, pode, foram, é, está, tem, deve, podem, poderá
• EMPTY (655): ser, ter, sido, sendo, tendo, vir, continuar, vindo, estar, poder

Paradigm ir	1	2	3
Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin	iria		iria
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin			iriam
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			irá
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin			ia
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			foi, foi-
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin			fora
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	vou, vou-	vais	vai
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			irão
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	íamos		iam
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			foram
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	vamos		vão
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin			foram
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin			for
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin			vá
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	Vamos		vão
Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf			ir
Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf			irem

PRON

2426 PRON tokens (34% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (2425; 100%), Number=Sing (1750; 72%), Case=Acc (1466; 60%), Gender=Masc (1458; 60%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 1 (314; 13% of non-empty Person): eu, me, nos, nós, mim, me-, no
• 2 (9; 0% of non-empty Person): te, ti, vos, vós
• 3 (2103; 87% of non-empty Person): se, ele, lhe, o, eles, ela, a, elas, você, lo
• EMPTY (4632): que, se, o, isso, quem, tudo, nada, isto, os, qual

Paradigm nós	1	3
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc	nos	nos
Case=Acc|Gender=Unsp	nos
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc	nos
Case=Dat|Gender=Unsp	nos, no
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc	nós
Case=Nom|Gender=Unsp	nós
Gender=Masc	nós
Gender=Fem	nós
Gender=Unsp	nós

Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 93% lemmas (13) occur only with one value of Person.

INTJ

1 INTJ tokens (2% of all INTJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

INTJ tokens may have the following values of Person:

• 3 (1; 100% of non-empty Person): viu
• EMPTY (45): não, Rarará, Deus, é, Adeus, Ah, Ai, Alô, BINGO, Droga

Relations with Agreement in Person

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person: VERB –[dobj]–> PRON (989; 53%), VERB –[conj]–> VERB (711; 70%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (88; 72%), VERB –[dep]–> PRON (15; 58%), PRON –[conj]–> PRON (3; 100%), PRON –[parataxis]–> PRON (1; 100%), PRON –[dobj]–> PRON (1; 100%).

---

Person in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

© 2014 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.