This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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root: root

The root grammatical relation points to the root of the sentence. A fake node ROOT is used as the governor. The ROOT node is indexed with 0, since the indexing of real words in the sentence starts at 1. This relation is universal.

There should be just one node with the root dependency relation in every tree. If the main predicate is not present (due to ellipsis) and there are multiple orphaned dependents, the leftmost dependent should be promoted to the head (root) position and the other orphans should be attached to it.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese)

This relation is universal.

9359 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as root.

9359 instances of root (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 7.79014852014104.

The following 13 pairs of parts of speech are connected with root: pt-pos/ROOT-VERB (6906; 74% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NOUN (1348; 14% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADJ (483; 5% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PROPN (336; 4% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PRON (120; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADV (50; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NUM (46; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-SYM (23; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-CONJ (14; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-INTJ (12; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADP (11; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-DET (8; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-SCONJ (2; 0% instances).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-Bosque)

This relation is universal.

9368 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as root.

9368 instances of root (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 7.88994449188728.

The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with root: pt-pos/ROOT-VERB (6879; 73% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NOUN (1414; 15% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADJ (459; 5% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PROPN (335; 4% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PRON (125; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADV (70; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NUM (52; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-INTJ (13; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-SYM (11; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-DET (9; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-SCONJ (1; 0% instances).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-BR)

This relation is universal.

12078 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as root.

12078 instances of root (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 8.43997350554728.

The following 12 pairs of parts of speech are connected with root: pt-pos/ROOT-VERB (10359; 86% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NOUN (1327; 11% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PROPN (171; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PRON (166; 1% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-NUM (15; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-PART (12; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADJ (11; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-X (6; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADV (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-AUX (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-ADP (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/ROOT-DET (1; 0% instances).


root in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]
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