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Aspect: aspect

Aspect

Aspect is a feature that specifies duration of the action in time, whether the action has been completed etc.

In Bulgarian aspect is a lexical feature, as in other Slavic languages. It comprises two grammemes: perfective and imperfective.

Imp: imperfect aspect

The action took / takes / will take some time span and there is no information whether and when it was / will be completed.

Examples

Perf: perfect aspect

The action has been / will have been completed. Since there is emphasis on one point on the time scale (the point of completion), this aspect does not work well with the present tense for actual activities.

Examples

Treebank Statistics (UD_Bulgarian)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Imp, Perf.

22856 tokens (15%) have a non-empty value of Aspect. 7944 types (30%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Aspect. 2968 lemmas (20%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Aspect. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: bg-pos/VERB (19376; 12% instances), bg-pos/AUX (2008; 1% instances), bg-pos/ADJ (1472; 1% instances).

VERB

19376 bg-pos/VERB tokens (99% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Aspect.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Aspect co-occurred: Voice=Act (18025; 93%), VerbForm=Fin (16611; 86%), Definite=EMPTY (16611; 86%), Mood=Ind (16458; 85%), Person=3 (13729; 71%), Number=Sing (13660; 70%), Tense=Pres (11733; 61%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Aspect:

Paradigm бъдаImpPerf
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2Бъди
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъда
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъдеш
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Actбиде
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъде
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъдем
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъдете
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actбъдат

Aspect seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 98% lemmas (2714) occur only with one value of Aspect.

AUX

2008 bg-pos/AUX tokens (99% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Aspect.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Aspect co-occurred: Voice=Act (1906; 95%), VerbForm=Fin (1889; 94%), Mood=Ind (1787; 89%), Person=3 (1667; 83%), Tense=Pres (1384; 69%), Number=Sing (1363; 68%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Aspect:

ADJ

1472 bg-pos/ADJ tokens (11% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Aspect.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Aspect co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (1472; 100%), Degree=EMPTY (1113; 76%), Voice=Pass (953; 65%), Number=Sing (839; 57%), Definite=Ind (808; 55%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Aspect:

Paradigm фокусирамImpPerf
Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Singфокусираното
Definite=Def|Number=Plurфокусираните
Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Singфокусирано
Definite=Ind|Gender=Neut|Number=Singфокусирано
Definite=Ind|Number=Plurфокусирани

Aspect seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 99% lemmas (666) occur only with one value of Aspect.

Relations with Agreement in Aspect

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Aspect: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1349; 78%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (747; 58%), VERB –[nmod]–> VERB (47; 58%), VERB –[mwe]–> VERB (28; 100%), VERB –[discourse]–> VERB (1; 100%).

Aspect in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]