aux: auxiliary
An aux (auxiliary) of a clause is a function word associated with a verbal predicate that expresses categories such as tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality.
In Western Armenian, there are several auxiliary verbs; եմ/em “be”, its variant (with separate lemma) ըլլամ/ëllam (ըլլալ/ěllal) “be repeatedly / habitually”, պիտի/piti or պէտք է/pētkʼ ē “must/will”, կը (կու, կ’)/kë (kow, k’) “do”, կոր/kor, ունիմ/ownim “have”, կամ/kam “exist”, տալ/tal “cause / make someone perform action”.
The forms of եմ/em (ըլլամ/ëllam (ըլլալ/ěllal)) “be” are used to construct periphrastic and “secondary compound” tenses (in several moods).
Besides aux, the verb եմ/em may also act as a copula, when they occur with nominal predicates.
Note that in Western Armenian, the auxiliary verb տալ/tal used to construct causative constructions is labeled aux:caus. We use aux:ex for the finite form of existentials կամ/kam “be, exist” and ունիմ/ownim “have” in combination with resultative participle.
# visual-style 1 2 aux color:blue
1 Կեցած կենալ VERB _ Aspect=Perf|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Intr|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid 0 root _ Translit=Kec’aç|LTranslit=kenal
2 էր եմ AUX _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 aux _ Translit=ēr|LTranslit=em
3 քանի քանի DET _ ExtPos=DET|PronType=Int 5 det _ Translit=k’ani|LTranslit=k’ani
4 մը մը DET _ PronType=Art 3 fixed _ Translit=më|LTranslit=më
5 քայլ քայլ NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Translit=k’ayl|LTranslit=k’ayl
6 անդին անդին ADP _ AdpType=Post 5 case _ Translit=andin|LTranslit=andin|SpaceAfter=No
# visual-style 2 1 aux color:blue
# visual-style 7 6 aux color:blue
1 Կ՚ կը AUX _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind 2 aux _ Translit=K,|LTranslit=kë|SpaceAfter=No
2 արժէ արժել VERB _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Intr|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 7 parataxis _ Translit=aržē|LTranslit=aržel
3 գտնել գտնել VERB _ Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Tran|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act 2 xcomp _ Translit=gtnel|LTranslit=gtnel
4 պատասխանը պատասխան NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Translit=patasxanë|LTranslit=patasxan|SpaceAfter=No
5 . . PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Translit=.|LTranslit=.
6 պիտի պիտի AUX _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Ind|Polarity=Pos 7 aux _ Translit=piti|LTranslit=piti
7-8 հանդիպէ՞իք _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Translit=handipē?ik’
7 հանդիպէիք հանդիպիլ VERB _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Intr|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 0 root _ Translit=handipēik’|LTranslit=handipil
8 ՞ ՞ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Translit=?|LTranslit=?
# visual-style 2 3 aux color:blue
1 Որոշումը որոշում NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 2 nsubj:pass _ Translit=Orošowmë|LTranslit=orošowm
2 առնուած առնել VERB _ Aspect=Perf|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Intr|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ Translit=aṙnowaç|LTranslit=aṙnel
3 է եմ AUX _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 aux _ Translit=ē|LTranslit=em
4 երկու երկու NUM _ NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ Translit=erkow|LTranslit=erkow
5 երրորդ երրորդ ADJ _ NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 flat:frac _ Translit=errord|LTranslit=errord
6 մեծամասնութեամբ մեծամասնութիւն NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Ins|Definite=Ind|Number=Coll 2 obl _ Translit=meçamasnowt’eamb|LTranslit=meçamasnowt’iwn
aux in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [id] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [lt] [myv] [naq] [no] [oge] [pcm] [ps] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]