ADV: adverb
Definition
Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. They may also modify adjectives and other adverbs, as in հավանաբար սխալ/havanabar sxal “probably wrong” or շատ հազվադեպ/šat hazvadep “very rarely”.
There is a closed subclass of pronominal adverbs that refer to circumstances in context, rather than naming them directly; similarly
to pronouns, these can be categorized as interrogative, relative, demonstrative, indefinite. Pronominal adverbs also get the ADV part-of-speech tag but they are differentiated by additional features. They inflect for PronType, and
demonstrative adverbs additionally inflect for Deixis.
Verb forms such as transgressives (also called adverbial participles, e.g. տեսա գրելիս/tesa grelis “I saw him writing” or կարդալիս քնեց/kardalis k’nec’ “when reading he slept”) share properties of both adverbs and verbs. Armenian transgressives are tagged VERB, not ADV.
Note that in Armenian some adverbs can form comparative and superlative Degree. The second degree is specified by adverb ավելի/aveli “more” e.g. ավելի արագ/aveli arag “more quickly”. The third degree of adverbs in Armenian is constructed with the feature of Definite.
Examples
- շատ/šat “very”
- լավ/lav “well”
- հստակորեն/hstakoren “exactly”
- վաղը/vaġë “tomorrow”
- վեր/ver, վար/var “up, down”
- interrogative adverbs: որտեղ/orteġ “where”; ուր/owr “where to”, երբ/erb “when”; ինչպես/inčpes “how”; ինչու/inčow “why”; ինչքան/inčk’an, ինչչափ/inččap’ “how much”
- demonstrative adverbs: այստեղ/aysteġ “here”; այնտեղ/aynteġ “there”; այսպես/ayspes “this way”, այնպես/aynpes “that way”, այսքան/aysk’an “this many”, այնչափ/aynčap’ “so much”
- indefinite adverbs: երբևիցե/erbewic’e, երբևէ/erbewē “ever, whenever”
ADV in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]