ADV: adverb
Definition
Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. They may also modify adjectives and other adverbs, as in հավանաբար սխալ/havanabar sxal “probably wrong” or շատ հազվադեպ/šat hazvadep “very rarely”.
There is a closed subclass of pronominal adverbs that refer to contextual circumstances rather than naming them directly. Like pronouns, they can be classified as interrogative, relative, demonstrative, or indefinite. Pronominal adverbs also get the ADV part-of-speech tag but they are differentiated by additional features. They bear the feature PronType, and demonstrative adverbs additionally bear the feature Deixis.
Verb forms such as transgressives (also called adverbial participles, e.g. տեսա գրելիս/tesa grelis “I saw (someone) writing” or կարդալիս քնեց/kardalis k’nec’ “when reading he slept”) share properties of both adverbs and verbs. Armenian transgressives are tagged VERB, not ADV.
Note that in Armenian some adverbs can form comparative and superlative Degree. The comparative degree is specified by the adverb ավելի/aveli “more” e.g. ավելի արագ/aveli arag “more quickly”. The superlative degree is typically formed with the prefix ամենա-/amena-, or the suffix -գույն/-gowyn “most” and often contains the definite article. However, the article is not analyzed separately and is not reflected in the annotation, e.g. ամենաքիչը/amenak’ičë “at least”, առավելագույնը/aṙavelagowynë “at most”.
Examples
- շատ/šat “very”
- լավ/lav “well”
- հստակորեն/hstakoren “exactly”
- վաղը/vaġë “tomorrow”
- վեր/ver, վար/var “up, down”
- interrogative and relative adverbs: որտեղ/orteġ “where”, ուր/owr “where to”, երբ/erb “when”, ինչպես/inčpes “how”, ինչու/inčow “why”, ինչքան/inčk’an, ինչչափ/inččap’ “how much”
- demonstrative adverbs: այստեղ/aysteġ “here”, այնտեղ/aynteġ “there”, այսպես/ayspes “this way”, այնպես/aynpes “that way”, այսքան/aysk’an “this many”, այնչափ/aynčap’ “so much”
- indefinite adverbs: երբևիցե/erbewic’e, երբևէ/erbewē “ever”
ADV in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]