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SCONJ: subordinating conjunction

The tag SCONJ is applied to words which introduce subordinate clauses (mainly advcl and ccomp). The tag is generally applied to any word which BHSA tags conj that is not CCONJ.

# sent_id = Masoretic-Genesis-45:20-hbo
# text = וְעֵ֣ינְכֶ֔ם אַל־תָּחֹ֖ס עַל־כְּלֵיכֶ֑ם כִּי־ט֛וּב כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם לָכֶ֥ם הֽוּא׃
# translit = ṿeʻenkem ʼal taḥos ʻal kelekhem ki ṭuv kal ʼerets mitsrayim lakhem huʼ
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11 fgColor:white
1-3	וְעֵ֣ינְכֶ֔ם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
1	וְ	ו	CCONJ	conj	_	6	cc	_	Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=ṿe
2	עֵ֣ינְ	עין	NOUN	subs	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	Gloss=eye|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=ʻen
3	כֶ֔ם	אתם	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=kem
4	אַל	אל	ADV	nega	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʼal
5	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	4	punct	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No
6	תָּחֹ֖ס	חוס	VERB	verb	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Gloss=pity|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=taḥos
7	עַל	על	ADP	prep	_	9	case	_	Gloss=upon|Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʻal
8	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	7	punct	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No
9-10	כְּלֵיכֶ֑ם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
9	כְּלֵי	כלי	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	6	obl	_	Gloss=tool|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=kele
10	כֶ֑ם	אתם	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=kem
11	כִּי	כי	SCONJ	conj	_	19	mark	_	Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ki
12	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	11	punct	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No
13	ט֛וּב	טוב	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	19	dislocated	_	Gloss=best|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=ṭuv
14	כָּל	כל	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	13	compound:smixut	_	Gloss=whole|Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=kal
15	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	16	punct	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No
16	אֶ֥רֶץ	ארץ	NOUN	subs	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	14	compound:smixut	_	Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=ʼerets
17	מִצְרַ֖יִם	מצרים	PROPN	nmpr	Number=Sing	16	compound:smixut	_	Gloss=Egypt|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=mitsrayim
18-19	לָכֶ֥ם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
18	לָ	ל	ADP	prep	_	19	case	_	Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=la
19	כֶ֥ם	אתם	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	advcl	_	Ref=GEN_45.20|Translit=kem
20	הֽוּא	הוא	PRON	prps	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_45.20|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=huʼ
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	punct	_	6	punct	_	Ref=GEN_45.20

ועינכם אל־תחס על־כליכם כי־טוב כל־ארץ מצרים לכם הוא׃

ṿeʻenkem ʼal taḥos ʻal kelekhem ki ṭuv kal ʼerets mitsrayim lakhem huʼ

“And do not cast your eyes upon your tools, because the best of the land of Egypt, it is yours.”

It is also applied to the determiner ה /ha/ when it applies to a participial clause.

# sent_id = Masoretic-Genesis-49:17-hbo
# text = יְהִי־דָן֙ נָחָ֣שׁ עֲלֵי־דֶ֔רֶךְ שְׁפִיפֹ֖ן עֲלֵי־אֹ֑רַח הַנֹּשֵׁךְ֙ עִקְּבֵי־ס֔וּס וַיִּפֹּ֥ל רֹכְבֹ֖ו אָחֹֽור׃
# translit = yehi dan naḥash ʻale derekh shefifon ʻale ʼoraḥ hanoshekh ʻiḳbe sus ṿayipol rokhbo ʼaḥor
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
1	יְהִי	היה	AUX	verb	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	Gloss=be|Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=yehi
2	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	1	punct	_	Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No
3	דָן֙	דן	PROPN	nmpr	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	Gloss=Dan|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=dan
4	נָחָ֣שׁ	נחשׁ	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	Gloss=serpent|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=naḥash
5	עֲלֵי	על	ADP	prep	_	7	case	_	Gloss=upon|Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʻale
6	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	5	punct	_	Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No
7	דֶ֔רֶךְ	דרך	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	Gloss=way|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=derekh
8	שְׁפִיפֹ֖ן	שׁפיפן	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	4	appos	_	Gloss=snake|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=shefifon
9	עֲלֵי	על	ADP	prep	_	11	case	_	Gloss=upon|Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʻale
10	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	9	punct	_	Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No
11	אֹ֑רַח	ארח	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	Gloss=path|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=ʼoraḥ
12-13	הַנֹּשֵׁךְ֙	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
12	הַ	ה	SCONJ	art	_	13	mark	_	Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=ha
13	נֹּשֵׁךְ֙	נשׁך	VERB	verb	Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	Gloss=bite|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=noshekh
14	עִקְּבֵי	עקב	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	13	obj	_	Gloss=heel|Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʻiḳbe
15	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	16	punct	_	Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No
16	ס֔וּס	סוס	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	14	compound:smixut	_	Gloss=horse|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=sus
17-18	וַיִּפֹּ֥ל	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
17	וַ	ו	CCONJ	conj	_	18	cc	_	Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=ṿa
18	יִּפֹּ֥ל	נפל	VERB	verb	Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	Gloss=fall|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=yipol
19-20	רֹכְבֹ֖ו	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
19	רֹכְבֹ֖	רכב	NOUN	verb	Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	18	nsubj	_	Gloss=ride|Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=rokhbo
20	ו	הוא	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_49.17|Translit=ṿ
21	אָחֹֽור	אחור	ADV	subs	_	18	advmod	_	Gloss=back(wards)|Ref=GEN_49.17|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʼaḥor
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	punct	_	4	punct	_	Ref=GEN_49.17

יהי־דן נחש עלי־דרך שפיפן עלי־ארח הנשך עקבי־סוס ויפל רכבו אחור׃

yehi dan naḥash ʻale derekh shefifon ʻale ʼoraḥ hanoshekh ʻiḳbe sus ṿayipol rokhbo ʼaḥor

“Dan is a serpent upon the road, a snake upon the path which bites the horse’s heel and his rider falls backwards.”

Similarly, a handful of prepositions occasionally apply to finite clauses and in such cases they are tagged SCONJ as well.

# sent_id = Masoretic-Genesis-12:13-hbo
# text = אִמְרִי־נָ֖א אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ לְמַ֨עַן֙ יִֽיטַב־לִ֣י בַעֲבוּרֵ֔ךְ וְחָיְתָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י בִּגְלָלֵֽךְ׃
# translit = ʼimri naʼ ʼaḥoti ʼat lemaʻan yiṭav li baʻavurekh ṿeḥaytah nafshi biglalekh
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
1	אִמְרִי	אמר	VERB	verb	Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Gloss=say|Ref=GEN_12.13|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ʼimri
2	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	3	punct	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|SpaceAfter=No
3	נָ֖א	נא	INTJ	intj	_	1	discourse	_	Gloss=yeah|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=naʼ
4-5	אֲחֹ֣תִי	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
4	אֲחֹ֣תִ	אחות	NOUN	subs	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	1	ccomp	_	Gloss=sister|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ʼaḥoti
5	י	אני	PRON	prn	Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=
6	אָ֑תְּ	את	PRON	prps	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ʼat
7	לְמַ֨עַן֙	למען	SCONJ	prep	_	8	mark	_	Gloss=because.of|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=lemaʻan
8	יִֽיטַב	יטב	VERB	verb	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	Gloss=be.good|Ref=GEN_12.13|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=yiṭav
9	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	11	punct	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|SpaceAfter=No
10-11	לִ֣י	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
10	לִ֣	ל	ADP	prep	_	11	case	_	Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=li
11	י	אני	PRON	prn	Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=
12-14	בַעֲבוּרֵ֔ךְ	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
12	בַ	ב	ADP	prep	_	13	case	_	Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ba
13	עֲבוּרֵ֔	עבור	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	8	obl	_	Gloss=way|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ʻavure
14	ךְ	את	PRON	prn	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ke
15-16	וְחָיְתָ֥ה	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
15	וְ	ו	CCONJ	conj	_	16	cc	_	Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ṿe
16	חָיְתָ֥ה	חיה	VERB	verb	Aspect=Perf|Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	Gloss=be.alive|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ḥaytah
17-18	נַפְשִׁ֖י	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
17	נַפְשִׁ֖	נפשׁ	NOUN	subs	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	Gloss=soul|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=nafshi
18	י	אני	PRON	prn	Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=
19-21	בִּגְלָלֵֽךְ	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
19	בִּ	ב	ADP	prep	_	20	case	_	Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=bi
20	גְלָלֵֽ	גלל	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	16	obl	_	Gloss=matter|Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=gelale
21	ךְ	את	PRON	prn	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_12.13|Translit=ke
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	punct	_	1	punct	_	Ref=GEN_12.13

אמרי־נא אחתי את למען ייטב־לי בעבורך וחיתה נפשי בגללך׃

ʼimri naʼ ʼaḥoti ʼat lemaʻan yiṭav li baʻavurekh ṿeḥaytah nafshi biglalekh

“Please say you are my sister, so that it will be well with me on account of you and my soul may live regarding you.”

There is also one word which is otherwise a NOUN but operates like the prepositions above. It is בלתי /bilti/ “unless”, and BHSA considers it a potential preposition.

# sent_id = Masoretic-Genesis-43:5-hbo
# text = וְאִם־אֵינְךָ֥ מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ לֹ֣א נֵרֵ֑ד כִּֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אָמַ֤ר אֵלֵ֨ינוּ֙ לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ פָנַ֔י בִּלְתִּ֖י אֲחִיכֶ֥ם אִתְּכֶֽם׃
# translit = ṿeʼim ʼenka meshaleḥa loʼ nered ki haʼish ʼamar ʼelenu loʼ tirʼu panai bilti ʼaḥikhem ʼitkem
# visual-style 21 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 21 fgColor:white
1-2	וְאִם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
1	וְ	ו	CCONJ	conj	_	8	cc	_	Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ṿe
2	אִם	אם	SCONJ	conj	_	4	mark	_	Gloss=if|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼim
3	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	2	punct	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|SpaceAfter=No
4-5	אֵינְךָ֥	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
4	אֵינְ	אין	VERB	subs	Mood=Ind|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	Gloss=<NEG>|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼen
5	ךָ֥	אתה	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ka
6	מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ	שׁלח	VERB	verb	Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	Gloss=send|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=meshaleḥa
7	לֹ֣א	לא	ADV	nega	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=loʼ
8	נֵרֵ֑ד	ירד	VERB	verb	Aspect=Imp|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Gloss=descend|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=nered
9	כִּֽי	כי	SCONJ	conj	_	13	mark	_	Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_43.5|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=ki
10	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	9	punct	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|SpaceAfter=No
11-12	הָאִ֞ישׁ	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
11	הָ	ה	DET	art	PronType=Art	12	det	_	Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ha
12	אִ֞ישׁ	אישׁ	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	Gloss=man|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼish
13	אָמַ֤ר	אמר	VERB	verb	Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	Gloss=say|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼamar
14-15	אֵלֵ֨ינוּ֙	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
14	אֵלֵ֨י	אל	ADP	prep	_	15	case	_	Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼele
15	נוּ֙	אנחנו	PRON	prn	Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=nu
16	לֹֽא	לא	ADV	nega	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_43.5|SpaceAfter=No|Translit=loʼ
17	־	־	PUNCT	punct	_	16	punct	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|SpaceAfter=No
18	תִרְא֣וּ	ראה	VERB	verb	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAAL|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	Gloss=see|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=tirʼu
19-20	פָנַ֔י	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
19	פָנַ֔	פנה	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	18	obj	_	Gloss=face|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=pana
20	י	אני	PRON	prn	Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=
21	בִּלְתִּ֖י	בלת	SCONJ	subs	_	25	mark	_	Gloss=failure|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=bilti
22-23	אֲחִיכֶ֥ם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
22	אֲחִי	אח	NOUN	subs	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	Gloss=brother|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼaḥi
23	כֶ֥ם	אתם	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=kem
24-25	אִתְּכֶֽם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
24	אִתְּ	את	ADP	prep	_	25	case	_	Gloss=together.with|Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=ʼit
25	כֶֽם	אתם	PRON	prn	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	advcl	_	Ref=GEN_43.5|Translit=kem
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	punct	_	8	punct	_	Ref=GEN_43.5

ואם־אינך משלח לא נרד כי־האיש אמר אלינו לא־תראו פני בלתי אחיכם אתכם׃

ṿeʼim ʼenka meshaleḥa loʼ nered ki haʼish ʼamar ʼelenu loʼ tirʼu panai bilti ʼaḥikhem ʼitkem

“And if you do not send, we cannot go down because the man said to us ‘You will not see my face unless your brother is with you.’.”

Features

Subordinating conjunctions should not have any features.

XPOS

The tag SCONJ usually corresponds to conj and sometimes to art. In a very small number of cases it can also be prep or subs.

See also fixed for documentation of multiword subordinating conjunctions.


SCONJ in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hbo] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]