SCONJ: subordinating conjunction
Definition
A subordinating conjunction links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause.
The following types of subordinating conjunctions are found in Classical Armenian:
- Complementizers: թե/tʻe, եթե/etʻe ‘that’
- Non-pronominal relativizers: զի/zi ‘that’
- Non-adverbial markers that introduce an adverbial clause: իբրեւ/ibrew ‘when’, քանզի/kʻanzi ‘for’, etc.
Complex subordinating conjunctions form multiword expressions, cf. վասն զի / vasn zi ‘because’, որպէս զի / orpēs zi ‘so that’. The status of component words as multiword expressions is accounted for by the fixed relation. Both component words are tagged as SCONJ.
For coordinating conjunctions, see CCONJ.
Examples
- Complementizers: եւ իմացան թե տեսիլ ետես ի տաճարին / ew imacʻan tʻe tesil etes i tačarin “And they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple.” (Lk. 1:22)
- Non-adverbial markers that introduce an adverbial clause: եւ իբրեւ ոչ գտին. դարձան անդրէն յԵրուսաղեմ խնդրել զնա / ew ibrew očʻ gtin: darjan andrēn yErowsałem xndrel zna “And when they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.” (Lk. 2:45)
- Non-pronominal relativizers: Եւ երեւեցաւ նմա հրեշտակ Տեառն զի կայր ընդ աջմէ սեղանոյ խնկոցն: / Ew erewecʻaw nma hreštak Teaṙn zi kayr ənd aǰmē sełanoy xnkocʻn. “And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord that stood on the right side of the altar of incense.” (Lk. 1:11)
References
Jensen, Hans. 1959. Altarmenische Grammatik. Heidelberg: Winter.
Meillet, Antoine. 1913. Altarmenisches Elementarbuch. Heidelberg: Winters (Internet Archive)
SCONJ in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]