nmod: nominal modifier
The nmod relation is used for nominal modifiers. They depend either
on another noun (group “noun dependents”) or on a predicate (group
“non-core dependents of clausal predicates”).
nmod is a noun (or noun phrase) functioning as a
non-core (oblique) argument or adjunct.
This means that it functionally corresponds to an adverbial when it attaches to a verb, adjective or other adverb.
But when attaching to a noun, it usually corresponds to a non-agreeing attribute (přívlastek neshodný)
in genitive. (See below for an example of an agreeing attribute, přívlastek shodný.)
In Czech the nmod relation covers only those possessives that are expressed using the genitive cs-feat/Case.
If a possessive adjective is used, the relation is labeled amod.
kancelář ředitele \n office of-the-director
nmod(kancelář, ředitele)
nmod(office, of-the-director)
ředitelova kancelář \n director's office
amod(kancelář, ředitelova)
amod(office, director's)
jeho kancelář \n his office
det(kancelář, jeho)
det(office, his)
nmod is also used for temporal nominal modifiers:
Potkal jsem ho minulý čtvrtek . \n Met I-have him last Thursday .
nmod(Potkal, čtvrtek)
nmod(Met, Thursday)
Agreeing attribute of a noun
nmod noun phrases attached to nouns are usually in the genitive cs-feat/Case and follow the modified noun.
However, there is also a different kind of nmod that precedes the modified noun and agrees with it in case and number.
A typical example is a title attached to a name of a person. The relation is similar to the name relation
that links the first and the last name, but it is not labeled name because the title is not part of the name:
český prezident Václav Havel
amod(prezident, český)
nmod(Havel, prezident)
name(Havel, Václav)
Note that the same thing can be also expressed using an apposition. In the case of apposition, the title follows the modified name and is separated by a punctuation symbol:
Václav Havel , český prezident
name(Havel, Václav)
punct(prezident, ,-3)
amod(prezident, český)
appos(Havel, prezident)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
235159 nodes (16%) are attached to their parents as nmod.
184905 instances of nmod (79%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.621889870258.
The following 91 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nmod: cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (111544; 47% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (57242; 24% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PROPN (22799; 10% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NOUN (9389; 4% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (6122; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (5921; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (4957; 2% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PROPN (3761; 2% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/NOUN (3214; 1% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PRON (3055; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/NOUN (1624; 1% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/SYM (783; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PROPN (780; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADV (740; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PRON (569; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (452; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PRON (278; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/NOUN (267; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PRON (230; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/PRON (207; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/ADP (188; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PROPN (80; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/SYM (79; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/PROPN (78; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PART (76; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (76; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/ADV (57; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/ADV (54; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADV (53; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PROPN (47; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/CONJ (35; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/NOUN (32; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PRON (31; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADP (30; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NUM (30; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/INTJ (27; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/NOUN (18; 0% instances), cs-pos/PUNCT-cs-pos/NOUN (17; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADV (15; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/PRON (14; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/SYM (10; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/PRON (10; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NUM (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/X-cs-pos/X (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/INTJ (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/CONJ (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NUM (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/ADV (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PART (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADP (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/PRON (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/CONJ (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PART (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADJ (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/PRON (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/INTJ-cs-pos/PRON (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/X (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/PROPN (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/CONJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/INTJ-cs-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/INTJ-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PUNCT-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 4 nmod color:blue
1 | | PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
2 Rady rada NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 0 root _ LId=rada-1|LGloss=(př._dát_někomu_dobrou_radu)
3 na na ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 4 case _ LId=na-1
4 telefon telefon NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _
5 | | PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 9 nmod color:blue
1 Chci chtít VERB VB-S---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
2 uzavřít uzavřít VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _
3 pojištění pojištění NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 dobj _ LDeriv=pojistit
4 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 1 cc _ LId=a-1
5 dostal dostat VERB VpYS---XR-AA--- Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 1 conj _ _
6 jsem být AUX VB-S---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 aux _ _
7 proto proto CONJ J^------------- _ 1 cc _ LId=proto-1|LGloss=(proto;_a_proto,_ale_proto,...)
8 k k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 9 case _ LId=k-1
9 vyplnění vyplnění NOUN NNNS3-----A---- Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ LDeriv=vyplnit
10 dotazník dotazník NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 dobj _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 5 nmod color:blue
1 Výrobce výrobce NOUN NNMS1-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 - - PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
3 typ typ NOUN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 1 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
4 : : PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
5 PANASONIC Panasonic PROPN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Com,Pro|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
6 PANAFAX Panafax PROPN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Pro|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _
7 UF UF PROPN NNXXX-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|NameType=Pro|Negative=Pos 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No|LId=UF-98
8 - - PUNCT Z:------------- _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
9 311 311 NUM C=------------- NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _
nmod in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]