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nmod: nominal modifier

The nmod relation is used for nominal modifiers. They depend either on another noun (group “noun dependents”) or on a predicate (group “non-core dependents of clausal predicates”).

nmod is a noun (or noun phrase) functioning as a non-core (oblique) argument or adjunct. This means that it functionally corresponds to an adverbial when it attaches to a verb, adjective or other adverb. But when attaching to a noun, it corresponds to an attribute, or genitive complement (the terms are less standardized here).

The nmod relation can be further specified by the case. In conjunction with the case relation, it provides a uniform analysis for:

• the possessive alternation:

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
the Chair 's office
det(Chair-2, the-1)
nmod(office-4, Chair-2)
case(Chair-2, 's-3)
{
    "text": "the Chair 's office ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 19 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
the office of the Chair
det(office-2, the-1)
nmod(office-2, Chair-5)
case(Chair-5, of-3)
det(Chair-5, the-4)
{
    "text": "the office of the Chair ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 23 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R4", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

• variant forms with case, a preposition or a postposition, as in Finnish for example:

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
etsiä ilman johtolankaa \n to_search without clue.PARTITIVE
nmod(etsiä, johtolankaa)
case(johtolankaa, ilman)
{
    "text": "etsiä ilman johtolankaa \n to_search without clue.PARTITIVE ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 26, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 36, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 44, 58 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
etsiä taskulampun kanssa \n to_search torch.GENITIVE with
nmod(etsiä, taskulampun)
case(taskulampun, kanssa)
{
    "text": "etsiä taskulampun kanssa \n to_search torch.GENITIVE with ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 18, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 27, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 37, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 52, 56 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-R2", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
etsiä johtolangatta \n to_search clue.ABESSIVE
nmod(etsiä, johtolangatta)
{
    "text": "etsiä johtolangatta \n to_search clue.ABESSIVE ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T4", "token", [ [ 22, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T5", "token", [ [ 32, 45 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}

• the dative alternation where the prepositional construction gets a similar analysis to the double object construction:

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
give the children the toys
dobj(give, toys)
iobj(give, children)
{
    "text": "give the children the toys ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-R1", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-R2", "iobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
give the toys to the children
dobj(give, toys)
nmod(give, children)
case(children, to)
{
    "text": "give the toys to the children ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T6", "token", [ [ 21, 29 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-R1", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
# give the toys to the children
1     donner    donner   VERB   _   VerbForm=Inf               0   root   _   give
2     les       le       DET    _   Definite=Def|Number=Plur   3   det    _   the
3     jouets    jouet    NOUN   _   Gender=Masc|Number=Plur    1   dobj   _   toys
4-5   aux       _        _      _   _                          _   _      _   _
4     à         à        ADP    _   _                          6   case   _   to
5     les       le       DET    _   Definite=Def|Number=Plur   6   det    _   the
6     enfants   enfant   NOUN   _   Gender=Masc|Number=Plur    1   nmod   _   children
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T2", "DET", [ [ 7, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 11, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T4", "ADP", [ [ 18, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T5", "DET", [ [ 20, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 24, 31 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-8-S1-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-8-S1-T1", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A2", "Definite", "embedded-8-S1-T2", "Def" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-8-S1-T2", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A4", "Gender", "embedded-8-S1-T3", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-8-S1-T3", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A6", "Definite", "embedded-8-S1-T5", "Def" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-8-S1-T5", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A8", "Gender", "embedded-8-S1-T6", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-8-S1-T6", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R0", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R1", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R2", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R4", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-S1-R5", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-8-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: donner" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: give" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: le" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: the" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: jouet" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: toys" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: à" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: to" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: le" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: the" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: enfant" ], [ "embedded-8-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: children" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "8" ],
    "text": "donner les jouets à les enfants\ndonner les jouets aux enfants",
    "error": false
}

nmod is also used for temporal nominal modifiers:

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Last night , I swam in the pool
nmod(swam, night)
{
    "text": "Last night , I swam in the pool ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-9-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T5", "token", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T7", "token", [ [ 23, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T8", "token", [ [ 27, 31 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-9-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-9-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-9-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "9" ]
}

---

nmod in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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