ccomp: clausal complement
A clausal complement of a verb or adjective is a dependent clause which is a core argument. That is, it functions like an object of the verb, or adjective.
Он говорит , что она работает в музее . \n He says , that she works in a museum .
ccomp(говорит, работает)
ccomp(says, works)
Such clausal complements may be finite or nonfinite. However, if the subject of the clausal complement is controlled (that is, must be the same as the higher subject or object, with no other possible interpretation) the appropriate relation is xcomp.
Генерал приказал нам выйти . \n General ordered us to-leave .
ccomp(приказал, выйти)
ccomp(ordered, to-leave)
Мы начали писать тест . \n We started to-write test .
xcomp(начали, писать)
xcomp(started, to-write)
The key difference here is that, while it is possible to interpret the first
sentence to mean that the general will not be leaving, in the second
sentence it is clear that the subject of writing can only be we. This is
what distinguishes ccomp and xcomp.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This relation is universal.
294 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.
287 instances of ccomp (98%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 7.78571428571429.
The following 21 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (193; 66% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (28; 10% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (20; 7% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/VERB (11; 4% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/VERB (11; 4% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/VERB (8; 3% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/NOUN (5; 2% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/ADJ (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADP (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADP-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/DET-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PROPN-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 8 ccomp color:blue
1 Они ОНИ PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 nsubj _ _
2 сказали СКАЗАТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 мне Я PRON PRP Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 iobj _ _
4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _
5 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _
6 им ОНИ PRON PRP Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 iobj _ _
7 очень ОЧЕНЬ ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _
8 понравилось ПОНРАВИТЬСЯ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Gender=Neut|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _
9 мое МОЙ DET PRP$ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 det _ _
10 выступление ВЫСТУПЛЕНИЕ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _
11 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 17 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 17 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 17 ccomp color:blue
1 Когда КОГДА SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _
2 Эд ЭД PROPN NNP Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _
3 выходит ВЫХОДИТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _
5 один ОДИН NUM CD Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ _
6 оператор ОПЕРАТОР NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _
7 остается ОСТАВАТЬСЯ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
8 с С ADP IN _ 9 case _ _
9 Шэри ШЭРИ PROPN NNP Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _
10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _
11 говоря ГОВОРИТЬ VERB VBG Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Trans 7 advcl _ _
12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _
13 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _
14 это ЭТО PRON DT Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _
15 -- -- PUNCT -- _ 17 punct _ _
16 новая НОВЫЙ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Variant=Full 17 amod _ _
17 идея ИДЕЯ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 ccomp _ _
18 продюсеров ПРОДЮСЕР NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nmod _ _
19 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 9 ccomp color:blue
1 Он ОН PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 nsubj _ _
2 утверждал УТВЕРЖДАТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _
4 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _
5 по ПО ADP IN _ 7 case _ _
6 своей СВОЙ DET PRP$ Animacy=Inan|Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Reflex=Yes 7 det _ _
7 природе ПРИРОДА NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _
8 вирус ВИРУС NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _
9 жидкий ЖИДКИЙ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Full 2 ccomp _ _
10 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This relation is universal.
915 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.
808 instances of ccomp (88%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 6.11256830601093.
The following 2 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (914; 100% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PART (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 9 ccomp color:blue
1 Ложась ложиться VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Trans|Voice=Act 6 advcl _ _
2 спать спать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _
4 он он PRON _ _ 6 nsubj _ _
5 не не PART _ _ 6 neg _ _
6 понимал понимать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
7 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _
8 куда куда ADV _ Degree=Pos 9 advmod _ _
9 девалось деваться VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Gender=Neut|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 6 ccomp _ _
10 время время NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _
11 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 6 ccomp color:blue
1 Громко громко ADV _ Degree=Pos 3 advmod _ _
2 я я PRON _ _ 3 nsubj _ _
3 кричу кричать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _
5 " " PUNCT " _ 6 punct _ _
6 Да да PART _ _ 3 ccomp _ _
7 здравствует здравствовать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 6 mwe _ _
8 реконструкция реконструкция NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _
9 человеческого человеческий ADJ _ Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 amod _ _
10 материала материал NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _
11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _
12 всеобъемлющая всеобъемлющий ADJ _ Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 amod _ _
13 инженерия инженерия NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 conj _ _
14 нового новый ADJ _ Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 amod _ _
15 мира мир NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _
16 " " PUNCT " _ 15 punct _ _
17 " " PUNCT " _ 15 punct _ _
18 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
ccomp in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]