This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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cop: copula

A copula is the relation between the complement of a copular verb and the copular verb a fi (only). (We normally take a copula as a dependent of its complement.)

All other copula verbs are heads of clauses and their complements are in xcomp relation to them:

When the copula verb has auxiliaries, they are also dependents of the lexical predicate:

When the complement of the copula verb a fi is a clause, the copula is the head, and the subordinate clause is in ccomp relation with it:


Treebank Statistics (UD_Romanian)

This relation is universal.

2110 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as cop.

1986 instances of cop (94%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.76445497630332.

The following 19 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: NOUN-VERB (758; 36% instances), ADJ-VERB (610; 29% instances), ADV-VERB (266; 13% instances), VERB-AUX (222; 11% instances), PRON-VERB (83; 4% instances), VERB-VERB (57; 3% instances), ADP-VERB (30; 1% instances), NUM-VERB (30; 1% instances), ADJ-AUX (18; 1% instances), PROPN-VERB (13; 1% instances), NOUN-AUX (11; 1% instances), DET-VERB (3; 0% instances), NOUN-PRON (2; 0% instances), PRON-AUX (2; 0% instances), ADV-AUX (1; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (1; 0% instances), PART-VERB (1; 0% instances), SYM-AUX (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADJ (1; 0% instances).


cop in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]
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