PART

This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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`PART`: particle

Description

There are many different particles in Irish:

verbal
surname
vocative
adverbial
relative
numeral
comparative/superlative adjectival

Examples

d’fhág sé “he left” (verbal)
níor fhág sé “he didn’t leave” (negative)
Sean O’Connell (name)
a Sheáin “John!” (vocative)
go cúramach “carefully” (adverbial)
an fear a chonaic sé “the man he saw” (relative)
a hocht “eight” (numeral)
níos mó “bigger” (comparative)
is mó “biggest” (superlative)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Irish)

There are 26 PART lemmas (1%), 35 PART types (1%) and 1534 PART tokens (6%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PART is: 10 in number of lemmas, 10 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PART lemmas: a, go, do, ní, nach, gur, is, ó, i, níor

The 10 most frequent PART types: a, go, ní, d’, nach, gur, is, Ó, do, níor

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: a (PART 864, DET 182, X 4, ADP 1), go (PART 246, ADP 39, SCONJ 15), do (ADP 255, PART 77, DET 19, X 1), ní (PART 62, NOUN 5, VERB 1), nach (PART 58, X 1), is (VERB 379, PART 32), ó (ADP 127, PART 31, SCONJ 2, INTJ 1), i (ADP 731, PART 19), ar (ADP 637, PART 17, VERB 3), ná (CONJ 55, PART 10, SCONJ 8)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: a (PART 855, DET 187, X 1, ADP 1), go (PART 240, ADP 37, SCONJ 15), ní (PART 28, VERB 18, NOUN 2), d’ (PART 37, ADP 35, DET 1), nach (PART 52, VERB 21), gur (VERB 48, PART 39), is (VERB 69, CONJ 40, PART 30, SCONJ 4), Ó (PART 30, ADP 3, INTJ 1), do (ADP 70, PART 18, DET 17), níor (PART 9, VERB 3)

a
- PART 855: Seo an fear a chonaic an bhean .
- DET 187: Fágann Mícheál na daltaí crom os_cionn a gcuid foghlama .
- X 1: Sa Deibhí bíonn seacht siolla sa líne freisin , ach bíonn siolla sa bhreis i bhfocal deireanach b ar a , agus in d ar c .
- ADP 1: ’ Anonn leis de chéim mhall go_dtí an bord gur thosaigh a chaint , agus an uile fhocal uaidh ag fuaimniú go glé ar an aer .
go
- PART 240: Níor tháinig sé go fóill .
- ADP 37: Bhí sé ina bhall de Mhuintir Shíomóin ó 1976 go 1986 .
- SCONJ 15: Ach fós ní mórán dóchais atá ag éinne go n-aimseofar leigheas iomlán ar SEIF riamh .
ní
- PART 28: Ní loitfeadh arm agus ní loiscfeadh tine é .
- VERB 18: Anois , ní mór dó an t-airgead a fháil ar_ais .
- NOUN 2: ’ Ar thug tú taisléine nó brat áise nó aon ní den tsórt leat , a naofacht ?
d’
- PART 37: ’ Tá an méid sin suimiúil a d’ inis tú dom , ‘ a dúirt sé .
- ADP 35: Bhí Caitríona sé bliana d’ aois .
- DET 1: Tháinig mé ort agus drúcht ar d’ aghaidh , shín tú do lámha chugam .
nach
- PART 52: Bheadh deis ag Conradh na Gaeilge nach raibh riamh cheana .
- VERB 21: Daoine nach iad .
gur
- VERB 48: Creidtear gur go mailíseach a tosaíodh an tine .
- PART 39: Is é mo bhrón is mo chumha gur imigh an uair .
is
- VERB 69: Cailín is ea í .
- CONJ 40: Is é mo bhrón is mo chumha gur imigh an uair .
- PART 30: Ar ndóigh , is mó an nádúrthacht a bhaineann le samplaí di ná a chéile .
- SCONJ 4: Fad is a bhí an sclábhaíocht idirnáisiúnta ar siúl aige , áfach bhí fadhbanna ag baile - ní gá ach smaoineamh ar an gconspóid reatha faoi Stephen Byers , nó an pharailís sa chóras Sláinte poiblí .
Ó
- PART 30: Grianghraif le Maidhc Ó Seachnasaí .
- ADP 3: Ó 1996 , áfach , cuireadh tús le roinnt cúrsaí iarchéime .
- INTJ 1: ’ Ó glacaim pardún agat ‘ adeir Páraic , Mise agus mo chuid clabaireachta .
do
- ADP 70: Cad ina thaobh ná haithneodh , ná fuil sé do mo mhúineadh ?
- PART 18: Do bhain seacht croitheadh as láimh na mná fónta agus do phreab ‘ on teallach agus do chuir chuin gnótha é .
- DET 17: Tháinig mé ort agus drúcht ar d’ aghaidh , shín tú do lámha chugam .
níor
- PART 9: Má bhí cúrsaí go dona , níor thug an gasúr óg mórán airde air sin .
- VERB 3: Ní raibh aon chóras leasa shóisialta ag na Rómhánaigh , ach níor mhór do na himpirí a dheimhniú go mbeadh dóthain le hithe ag cách .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PART is 1.346154 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.449988).

The 1st highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “a”: a, a’, n-a.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “is”: ab, ba, is.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “le”: le, lena, lenar.

PART occurs with 7 features: ga-feat/PartType (1473; 96% instances), ga-feat/PronType (611; 40% instances), ga-feat/Negative (143; 9% instances), ga-feat/Tense (81; 5% instances), ga-feat/Mood (17; 1% instances), ga-feat/Form (1; 0% instances), ga-feat/VerbForm (1; 0% instances)

PART occurs with 19 feature-value pairs: Form=Ecl, Mood=Imp, Mood=Int, Mood=Sub, Negative=Neg, PartType=Ad, PartType=Cmpl, PartType=Comp, PartType=Cop, PartType=Deg, PartType=Inf, PartType=Num, PartType=Pat, PartType=Vb, PartType=Voc, PronType=Rel, Tense=Past, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Cop

PART occurs with 26 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is PartType=Vb|PronType=Rel (543 tokens). Examples: a, n-a, ar

Relations

PART nodes are attached to their parents using 15 different relations: ga-dep/mark:prt (674; 44% instances), ga-dep/mark (289; 19% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (192; 13% instances), ga-dep/dobj (111; 7% instances), ga-dep/neg (85; 6% instances), ga-dep/nmod (68; 4% instances), ga-dep/name (64; 4% instances), ga-dep/case:voc (21; 1% instances), ga-dep/case (10; 1% instances), ga-dep/nmod:tmod (9; 1% instances), ga-dep/nmod:poss (4; 0% instances), ga-dep/cop (3; 0% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/advmod (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/root (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PART nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: VERB (986; 64% instances), NOUN (334; 22% instances), ADJ (135; 9% instances), PROPN (63; 4% instances), NUM (9; 1% instances), X (5; 0% instances), CONJ (1; 0% instances), ROOT (1; 0% instances)

1510 (98%) PART nodes are leaves.

21 (1%) PART nodes have one child.

2 (0%) PART nodes have two children.

1 (0%) PART nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PART node is 3.

Children of PART nodes are attached using 7 different relations: ga-dep/punct (18; 64% instances), ga-dep/nmod (3; 11% instances), ga-dep/compound (2; 7% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (2; 7% instances), ga-dep/case (1; 4% instances), ga-dep/dobj (1; 4% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (1; 4% instances)

Children of PART nodes belong to 5 different parts of speech: PUNCT (18; 64% instances), NOUN (7; 25% instances), ADP (1; 4% instances), ADV (1; 4% instances), VERB (1; 4% instances)