neg: negation modifier
The negation modifier is the relation between a negation word and the
word it modifies. It is used both for predicate negation (canonically, not) and nominal negation (canonically no). Dependents labeled neg in the current treebank are the following (in various lowercase/uppercase forms): n, n’t, neither, never, no, non, not, nt, t.
Bill is not a scientist
neg(scientist, not)
Bill does n't drive
neg(drive, n't)
John saw no accidents
neg(accidents, no)
Treebank Statistics (UD_English)
This relation is universal.
2588 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as neg.
2517 instances of neg (97%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.36051004636785.
The following 27 pairs of parts of speech are connected with neg: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (1440; 56% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (304; 12% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (218; 8% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (187; 7% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (143; 6% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (73; 3% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (58; 2% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (50; 2% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (38; 1% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (14; 1% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (12; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (9; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (8; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADV (6; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/ADV (5; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (4; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/CONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/CONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/X (1; 0% instances), en-pos/CONJ-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/INTJ-en-pos/INTJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 5 4 neg color:blue
1 Yet yet CONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _
2 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _
3 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ SpaceAfter=No
4 n't not PART RB _ 5 neg _ _
5 charge charge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _
6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 dobj _ _
7 for for ADP IN _ 9 case _ _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _
9 evacuation evacuation NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 1 neg color:blue
1 No no DET DT _ 2 neg _ _
2 communications communication NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _
3 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
4 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
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1 those those DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _
2 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _
3 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ SpaceAfter=No
4 n't not PART RB _ 6 neg _ _
5 even even ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _
6 friendly friendly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
7 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)
This relation is universal.
1173 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as neg.
1120 instances of neg (95%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.34697357203751.
The following 21 pairs of parts of speech are connected with neg: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (630; 54% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (164; 14% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (108; 9% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (86; 7% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (81; 7% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (28; 2% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (15; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (14; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (10; 1% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (10; 1% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (9; 1% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (5; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 12 13 neg color:blue
1 _ _ PRON EX _ 2 expl _ _
2 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 0 root _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 5 det _ _
4 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 amod _ _
5 _ _ NOUN NN _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 _ _ PART TO _ 7 mark _ _
7 _ _ VERB VB _ 5 acl _ _
8 _ _ ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _
9 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 _ _ DET DT _ 11 det _ _
11 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 12 nsubj _ _
12 _ _ VERB VBP _ 2 advcl _ _
13 _ _ PART RB _ 12 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VB _ 12 xcomp _ _
15 _ _ PRON NN _ 14 dobj _ _
16 _ _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
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# visual-style 5 4 neg color:blue
1 _ _ DET PRP$ _ 2 nmod:poss _ _
2 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 5 nsubj _ _
3 _ _ VERB VBD _ 5 cop _ _
4 _ _ PART RB _ 5 neg _ _
5 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 0 root _ _
6 _ _ ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _
7 _ _ PART TO _ 8 mark _ _
8 _ _ VERB VB _ 6 xcomp _ _
9 _ _ DET PRP$ _ 10 nmod:poss _ _
10 _ _ NOUN NN _ 8 dobj _ _
11 _ _ ADP IN _ 13 case _ _
12 _ _ NOUN NN _ 13 compound _ _
13 _ _ NOUN NN _ 10 nmod _ _
14 _ _ PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _
15 _ _ CONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _
16 _ _ DET DT _ 18 det _ _
17 _ _ NOUN NN _ 18 compound _ _
18 _ _ NOUN NN _ 20 nsubj _ _
19 _ _ VERB VBD _ 20 cop _ _
20 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 conj _ _
21 _ _ PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
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# visual-style 14 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 14 13 neg color:blue
1 _ _ ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _
2 _ _ ADP IN _ 4 case _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 4 det _ _
4 _ _ NOUN NN _ 8 nmod _ _
5 _ _ PRON PRP _ 8 expl _ _
6 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 8 cop _ _
7 _ _ PART RB _ 8 neg _ _
8 _ _ VERB VBN _ 0 root _ _
9 _ _ PART TO _ 10 mark _ _
10 _ _ VERB VBG _ 8 xcomp _ _
11 _ _ ADP IN _ 15 case _ _
12 _ _ DET DT _ 15 det _ _
13 _ _ ADV RB _ 14 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VBG _ 15 compound _ _
15 _ _ NOUN NN _ 10 nmod _ _
16 _ _ CONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _
17 _ _ ADP IN _ 19 case _ _
18 _ _ DET DT _ 19 det _ _
19 _ _ NOUN NN _ 15 conj _ _
20 _ _ PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)
This relation is universal.
794 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as neg.
738 instances of neg (93%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.43073047858942.
The following 24 pairs of parts of speech are connected with neg: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (455; 57% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (79; 10% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (70; 9% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (53; 7% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (51; 6% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (25; 3% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (12; 2% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (10; 1% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (8; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (5; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (4; 1% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/CONJ-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PUNCT-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 7 6 neg color:blue
1 But _ CONJ _ _ 2 cc _ _
2 no _ INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ _
3 , _ PUNCT Comma _ 2 punct _ _
4 that _ PRON DEM-SG _ 7 nsubj _ _
5 did _ AUX PAST-AUX _ 7 aux _ _
6 not _ PART NEG _ 7 neg _ _
7 seem _ VERB INF _ 0 root _ _
8 possible _ ADJ POS _ 7 xcomp _ _
9 . _ PUNCT Period _ 7 punct _ _
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# visual-style 13 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 13 12 neg color:blue
1 Returning _ VERB ING _ 8 advcl _ _
2 to _ ADP _ _ 3 case _ _
3 it _ PRON PERS-SG _ 1 nmod _ _
4 next _ ADJ POS _ 5 amod _ _
5 day _ NOUN SG _ 1 nmod _ _
6 , _ PUNCT Comma _ 1 punct _ _
7 I _ PRON PERS-P1SG-NOM _ 8 nsubj _ _
8 found _ VERB PAST _ 0 root _ _
9 Faulkner _ PROPN SG _ 8 dobj _ _
10 guilty _ ADJ POS _ 8 xcomp _ _
11 of _ ADP _ _ 13 case _ _
12 no _ DET NEG _ 13 neg _ _
13 offense _ NOUN SG _ 10 nmod _ _
14 . _ PUNCT Period _ 8 punct _ _
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# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 5 4 neg color:blue
1 His _ PRON P3SG-GEN _ 2 nmod:poss _ _
2 paper _ NOUN SG _ 5 nsubj _ _
3 is _ VERB PRES _ 5 cop _ _
4 not _ PART NEG _ 5 neg _ _
5 friendly _ ADJ POS _ 0 root _ _
6 to _ ADP _ _ 7 case _ _
7 Israel _ PROPN SG _ 5 nmod _ _
8 . _ PUNCT Period _ 5 punct _ _
neg in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]