dobj: direct object
The direct object of a verb is the noun phrase that denotes the entity acted upon. Most often the direct object is in the accusative case but there are verbs that require their objects be in other cases (except for nominative and vocative).
Accusative example:
Koupil jsem auto . \n Bought I-have car .
dobj(Koupil, auto)
dobj(Bought, car)
Genitive example:
Cením si vaší pomoci . \n I-appreciate REFLEX your help .
dobj(Cením, pomoci)
dobj(I-appreciate, help)
Dative example:
Čelíme velkým problémům . \n We-face big problems .
dobj(Čelíme, problémům)
dobj(We-face, problems)
Instrumental example:
Univerzita nedisponuje takovým rozpočtem . \n University does-not-have-at-disposal such budget .
dobj(nedisponuje, rozpočtem)
dobj(does-not-have-at-disposal, budget)
In general, if there is just one object, it should be labeled dobj,
regardless of the morphological case or semantic role that it bears. If there are two or more
objects, one of them should be dobj and the others should be
iobj. In such cases it is necessary to decide what is the most
directly affected object (patient). The one exception is when there is a clausal complement. Then the clausal complement is regarded as a “clausal direct object” and an object nominal will be an iobj.
Diffs
Prague Dependency Treebank
The manual annotation of the PDT does not distinguish direct and indirect objects.
Therefore all non-clausal dependents labeled Obj in PDT are currently labeled dobj
in the converted data, even if it results in two or more direct objects attached to one verb.
In future, the valency lexicon Vallex
could be used to identify the main object.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
79476 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
54476 instances of dobj (69%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.71241632694147.
The following 51 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (56742; 71% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (13934; 18% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (3185; 4% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (2389; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (839; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (721; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (551; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PRON (370; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PROPN (280; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (110; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/NUM (66; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/NOUN (44; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADJ (33; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PART (25; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SYM (18; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PRON (16; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NUM (14; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PROPN (13; 0% instances), cs-pos/PUNCT-cs-pos/NOUN (13; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/NOUN (12; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/NOUN (11; 0% instances), cs-pos/PUNCT-cs-pos/NUM (10; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PRON (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/PRON (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADV (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NUM (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NOUN (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/NOUN (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/INTJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
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1 Zvedněte zvednout VERB Vi-P---2--A---- Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 telefon telefon NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 1 dobj _ _
3 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 1 cc _ LId=a-1
4 zavolejte zavolat VERB Vi-P---2--A---- Aspect=Perf|Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
5 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Změny změna NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _
2 jsou být VERB VB-P---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 cop _ _
3 citelné citelný ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
5 je být VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 6 cop _ _
6 třeba třeba ADJ ACNS------A---- Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Variant=Short 3 conj _ LId=třeba-1
7 je on PRON PPXP4--3------- Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 dobj _ LId=on-1|LGloss=(oni/ono)
8 lépe dobře ADV Dg-------2A---- Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos 9 advmod _ _
9 prezentovat prezentovat VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 6 csubj _ _
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1 Moby Moby PROPN NNMS1-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 Dick Dick PROPN NNMS1-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 1 name _ _
3 čeřící čeřící ADJ AGMS1-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 1 amod _ LDeriv=čeřit
4 vody voda NOUN NNFP4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 3 dobj _ _
5 hitparád hitparáda NOUN NNFP2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _
dobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]