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aux: auxiliary

In UD Finnish, only a closed list of verbs can act as auxiliaries, including the main modal verbs (see ISK §1562) and in addition the verbs olla “to be” and aikoa “to be going to”.

The full list of auxiliaries is as follows:

• täytyä “must”
• pitää “have to”
• tarvita “need”
• joutua “have to”
• voida “be able to, can”
• saattaa “may”
• taitaa “be+probably, may”
• mahtaa “be+probably, may”
• olla “be”
• aikoa “be going to”

Examples

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Hän saattoi lähteä jo . \n He may(impf.) leave already .
nsubj(lähteä-3, Hän-1)
aux(lähteä-3, saattoi-2)
advmod(lähteä-3, jo-4)
punct(lähteä-3, .-5)
{
    "text": "Hän saattoi lähteä jo . \n He may(impf.) leave already . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 26, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 29, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 40, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 46, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 54, 55 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

References

• http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=1562 (in Finnish)

Diffs

In FinnTreeBank (FI_FTB), a wide list of verbs which are modal or otherwise abstract by nature have been counted among the auxiliaries. Also a limited set of verbal compound constructions has been annotated using the relation aux. See the full lists in FTB Annotation Manual: 16.2 Auxiliary verb.

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aux in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [id] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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