ccomp: clausal complement
A clausal complement of a verb or adjective is a dependent clause which is a core argument. That is, it functions like an object of the verb, or adjective.
Říká , že ráda plaveš . \n He-says , that like-to you-swim .
ccomp(Říká, plaveš)
ccomp(He-says, you-swim)
Such clausal complements may be finite or nonfinite. However, if the subject of the clausal complement is controlled (that is, must be the same as the higher subject or object, with no other possible interpretation) the appropriate relation is xcomp.
Šéf nám nařídil vykopat příkop . \n Boss us ordered to-dig ditch .
ccomp(nařídil, vykopat)
ccomp(ordered, to-dig)
Začali jsme kopat příkop . \n Started we-have to-dig ditch .
xcomp(Začali, kopat)
xcomp(Started, to-dig)
The key difference here is that, while it is possible to interpret the first
sentence to mean that the boss will not be doing any digging, in the second
sentence it is clear that the subject of digging can only be we. This is
what distinguishes ccomp and xcomp.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
10997 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.
8827 instances of ccomp (80%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 7.73992907156497.
The following 29 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (9116; 83% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (929; 8% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (626; 6% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/VERB (89; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (88; 1% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/VERB (31; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (24; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/VERB (21; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (19; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/VERB (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/INTJ-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PUNCT-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 3 5 ccomp color:blue
1 Na na ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 2 case _ LId=na-1
2 požádání požádání NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ LDeriv=požádat
3 může moci VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ LGloss=(mít_možnost_[něco_dělat])
4 být být AUX Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 5 auxpass _ _
5 zaslán zaslat VERB VsYS---XX-AP--- Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ _
6 seznam seznam NOUN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _
7 firem firma NOUN NNFP2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
# visual-style 10 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 10 ccomp color:blue
1 A a CONJ J^------------- _ 2 cc _ LId=a-1
2 řekněme říci VERB Vi-P---1--A---- Aspect=Perf|Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 rovnou rovnou ADV Db------------- _ 2 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No|LGloss=(hned,_najednou)
4 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 10 punct _ _
5 že že SCONJ J,------------- _ 10 mark _ _
6 chalupa chalupa NOUN NNFS1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _
7 našeho můj DET PSZS2-P1------- Case=Gen|Gender=Masc,Neut|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 det _ LGloss=(přivlast.)
8 čtenáře čtenář NOUN NNMS2-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _
9 je být VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 10 cop _ _
10 problémová problémový ADJ AAFS1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 11 ccomp color:blue
1 To ten PRON PDNS1---------- Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nsubj _ _
2 znamená znamenat VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
4 že že SCONJ J,------------- _ 11 mark _ _
5 ve v ADP RV--6---------- AdpType=Voc|Case=Loc 8 case _ LId=v-1
6 vztahu vztah NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 mwe _ _
7 k k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 5 mwe _ LId=k-1
8 občanům občan NOUN NNMP3-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _
9 je být VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 11 cop _ _
10 veřejným veřejný ADJ AAMS7----1A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 11 amod _ _
11 činitelem činitel NOUN NNMS7-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
ccomp in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]