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aux: auxiliary

An aux (auxiliary) of a clause is a function word associated (a verb) with a verbal predicate that expresses categories such as tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality. In German this includes verbs sein and haben when they indicate past tense, verb werden when it indicates future tense or a poosibility, as well as modal verbs.

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Ich habe es geschafft . \n I made it .
aux(geschafft, habe)
nsubj(geschafft, Ich)
obj(geschafft, es)
{
    "text": "Ich habe es geschafft . \n I made it . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 26, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 28, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 33, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 36, 37 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

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brat
    
info
  
Sie ist gegangen . \n She has gone .
aux(gegangen, ist)
{
    "text": "Sie ist gegangen . \n She has gone . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 17, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 21, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 29, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
Er wird kommen . \n He will come .
aux(kommen, wird)
{
    "text": "Er wird kommen . \n He will come . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 15, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 27, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 32, 33 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
Das Kind kann sehr gut singen . \n The child can sing very well .
aux(singen, kann)
{
    "text": "Das Kind kann sehr gut singen . \n The child can sing very well . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 19, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 23, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 30, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T9", "token", [ [ 34, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T10", "token", [ [ 38, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T11", "token", [ [ 44, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T12", "token", [ [ 48, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T13", "token", [ [ 53, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T14", "token", [ [ 58, 62 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T15", "token", [ [ 63, 64 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

Note that modal verbs can also be full verbs, in which case they are not associated with another infinitive verb.

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brat
    
info
  
ROOT Ich kann nicht mehr . \n I can't any more .
root(ROOT, kann)
nsubj(kann, ich)
{
    "text": "ROOT Ich kann nicht mehr . \n I can't any more . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T5", "token", [ [ 20, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T8", "token", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T9", "token", [ [ 31, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T10", "token", [ [ 37, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T11", "token", [ [ 41, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T12", "token", [ [ 46, 47 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": true,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}

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aux in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [id] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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