punct
: punctuation
This is used for any piece of punctuation in a clause.
Tokens with the relation punct
always attach to content words (except in cases of ellipsis) and can never have dependents.
Since punct
is not a normal dependency relation, the usual criteria for determining the head word do not apply.
Instead, we use the following principles:
- A punctuation mark separating coordinated units is attached to the first conjunct.
- A punctuation mark preceding or following a subordinated unit is attached to this unit.
- Within the relevant unit, a punctuation mark is attached at the highest possible node that preserves projectivity.
- Paired punctuation marks (quotes and brackets) should be attached to the same word unless that would create non-projectivity. This word is usually the head of the phrase enclosed in the paired punctuation.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This relation is universal.
17787 nodes (18%) are attached to their parents as punct
.
12607 instances of punct
(71%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 6.51368977343003.
The following 25 pairs of parts of speech are connected with punct
: VERB-PUNCT (7434; 42% instances), NOUN-PUNCT (6103; 34% instances), PROPN-PUNCT (1957; 11% instances), ADJ-PUNCT (1223; 7% instances), NUM-PUNCT (329; 2% instances), ADV-PUNCT (275; 2% instances), ADP-PUNCT (225; 1% instances), PRON-PUNCT (59; 0% instances), NOUN-SYM (46; 0% instances), SYM-PUNCT (46; 0% instances), CONJ-PUNCT (16; 0% instances), PUNCT-PUNCT (14; 0% instances), SYM-SYM (11; 0% instances), PROPN-SYM (10; 0% instances), ADV-SYM (9; 0% instances), NUM-SYM (9; 0% instances), DET-PUNCT (6; 0% instances), PART-PUNCT (4; 0% instances), CONJ-SYM (2; 0% instances), SCONJ-PUNCT (2; 0% instances), VERB-SYM (2; 0% instances), X-PUNCT (2; 0% instances), ADJ-SYM (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADP (1; 0% instances), VERB-PROPN (1; 0% instances).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This relation is universal.
195644 nodes (18%) are attached to their parents as punct
.
178008 instances of punct
(91%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 4.38689660812496.
The following 17 pairs of parts of speech are connected with punct
: NOUN-PUNCT (74927; 38% instances), VERB-PUNCT (60879; 31% instances), ADJ-PUNCT (19458; 10% instances), PROPN-PUNCT (15448; 8% instances), ADV-PUNCT (12556; 6% instances), PRON-PUNCT (3215; 2% instances), NUM-PUNCT (2443; 1% instances), PART-PUNCT (1978; 1% instances), ADP-PUNCT (1499; 1% instances), CONJ-PUNCT (1462; 1% instances), SCONJ-PUNCT (654; 0% instances), X-PUNCT (360; 0% instances), DET-PUNCT (298; 0% instances), AUX-PUNCT (185; 0% instances), SYM-PUNCT (166; 0% instances), INTJ-PUNCT (115; 0% instances), PUNCT-PUNCT (1; 0% instances).
punct in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]