This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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ADV: adverb

Definition

Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. In Italian, they may also modify adjectives (as in palesemente falso “clearly fake”), other adverbs (as in molto bene “very well”), or even nouns / pronouns (as in proprio lui “exactly him”).

Corresponding language-specific part-of-speech tags

B: Adverb

BN: Negation adverb

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)

There are 591 ADV lemmas (3%), 594 ADV types (2%) and 11224 ADV tokens (4%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADV is: 6 in number of lemmas, 6 in number of types and 9 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADV lemmas: non, più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, sempre, prima, ancora

The 10 most frequent ADV types: non, più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, sempre, prima, poi

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: più (ADV 848, DET 40, PRON 28, NOUN 5, CONJ 1, ADJ 1, ADP 1), dove (ADV 307, SCONJ 5, PRON 3), come (ADP 490, ADV 244, SCONJ 182, CONJ 3, PRON 1, VERB 1), quando (SCONJ 346, ADV 212, PRON 2, CONJ 1), solo (ADV 205, ADJ 80), prima (ADV 179, ADP 16, ADJ 7, NOUN 3, PRON 1), ancora (ADV 175, NOUN 1), molto (DET 179, ADV 160, PRON 53, ADJ 2), già (ADV 159, INTJ 1), oggi (ADV 153, NOUN 2)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: più (ADV 841, DET 39, PRON 28, NOUN 5, CONJ 1, ADJ 1, ADP 1), dove (ADV 173, SCONJ 5, PRON 3), come (ADP 467, SCONJ 153, ADV 68, CONJ 3, PRON 1), quando (SCONJ 264, ADV 6, PRON 2, CONJ 1), solo (ADV 193, ADJ 34), prima (ADV 154, ADJ 147, ADP 15, PRON 8, NOUN 2), ancora (ADV 159, NOUN 1), molto (ADV 155, DET 11, PRON 3), oggi (ADV 117, NOUN 2), così (ADV 131, CONJ 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADV is 1.005076 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.488836).

The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “eccetera”: ecc, ecc., eccetera, etc..

The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “poco”: po’, pochissimo, poco, po’.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “bene”: ben, bene, benissimo.

ADV occurs with 4 features: it-feat/PronType (1952; 17% instances), it-feat/Degree (19; 0% instances), it-feat/Gender (1; 0% instances), it-feat/Number (1; 0% instances)

ADV occurs with 4 feature-value pairs: Degree=Abs, Gender=Masc, Number=Sing, PronType=Neg

ADV occurs with 4 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (9253 tokens). Examples: più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, sempre, prima, poi, ancora

Relations

ADV nodes are attached to their parents using 16 different relations: it-dep/advmod (8404; 75% instances), it-dep/neg (1936; 17% instances), it-dep/case (433; 4% instances), it-dep/mark (157; 1% instances), it-dep/conj (93; 1% instances), it-dep/root (73; 1% instances), it-dep/mwe (71; 1% instances), it-dep/cc (23; 0% instances), it-dep/nmod (13; 0% instances), it-dep/dobj (9; 0% instances), it-dep/nsubj (5; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (2; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (1; 0% instances), it-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADV nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (6357; 57% instances), NOUN (1916; 17% instances), ADJ (1636; 15% instances), ADV (411; 4% instances), PRON (267; 2% instances), PROPN (211; 2% instances), NUM (165; 1% instances), SCONJ (85; 1% instances), ROOT (73; 1% instances), ADP (62; 1% instances), AUX (14; 0% instances), CONJ (11; 0% instances), SYM (8; 0% instances), DET (6; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

9324 (83%) ADV nodes are leaves.

1584 (14%) ADV nodes have one child.

209 (2%) ADV nodes have two children.

107 (1%) ADV nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADV node is 8.

Children of ADV nodes are attached using 25 different relations: it-dep/punct (597; 25% instances), it-dep/mwe (585; 24% instances), it-dep/case (281; 12% instances), it-dep/advmod (275; 11% instances), it-dep/nmod (210; 9% instances), it-dep/neg (74; 3% instances), it-dep/det (72; 3% instances), it-dep/cc (71; 3% instances), it-dep/conj (63; 3% instances), it-dep/advcl (32; 1% instances), it-dep/cop (32; 1% instances), it-dep/ccomp (26; 1% instances), it-dep/nsubj (19; 1% instances), it-dep/csubj (14; 1% instances), it-dep/nummod (12; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (10; 0% instances), it-dep/amod (10; 0% instances), it-dep/dobj (8; 0% instances), it-dep/mark (7; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (5; 0% instances), it-dep/expl (4; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), it-dep/aux (3; 0% instances), it-dep/iobj (2; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADV nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: ADP (752; 31% instances), PUNCT (597; 25% instances), ADV (411; 17% instances), NOUN (203; 8% instances), VERB (120; 5% instances), SCONJ (90; 4% instances), CONJ (74; 3% instances), DET (73; 3% instances), PRON (39; 2% instances), ADJ (17; 1% instances), PROPN (17; 1% instances), NUM (15; 1% instances), INTJ (5; 0% instances), AUX (3; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)


ADV in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]