Mood: mood
Mood
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms. In Bulgarian there are three moods: Indicative, Imperative and Conditional.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker. Indicative covers all the 9 tenses and their passive forms in Bulgarian. It also covers the evidential forms.
Examples
- Следвам право в университета. / Sledvam pravo v universiteta “I study law at the University”.
- Той беше ходил в САЩ много пъти. / Toy beshe hodil v SASHT mnogo pati “He had been to the USA many times”.
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb. The forms in Bulgarian are synthetic.
Examples
- Купете хляб и сирене! / Kupete hlyab i sirene “Buy some bread and cheese!”
- Подай ми солта, моля! / Poday mi solta, molya “Pass me the salt, please!”
Cnd: conditional
The conditional mood is used to express actions that might happen under certain circumstances or that would have taken place but they actually did not / do not happen. It usually presupposes volition. The forms in Bulgarian are analytic.
Examples
- Бих дошъл, ако ме поканиш. / Bih doshal, ako me pokanish “I would come if you invite me.”
- Бих дошъл, ако имах възможност. / Bih doshal, ako imah vazmozhnost “I would come if I could.”
- Би трябвало добре да се подготвим за срещата. / Bi tryabvalo dobre da se podgotvim za sreshtata “We should prepare very well for the meeting.”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Bulgarian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Cnd, Imp, Ind.
18627 tokens (12%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
5271 types (20%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
2522 lemmas (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: bg-pos/VERB (16738; 11% instances), bg-pos/AUX (1889; 1% instances).
VERB
16738 bg-pos/VERB tokens (86% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: Definite=EMPTY (16611; 99%), VerbForm=Fin (16611; 99%), Voice=Act (16458; 98%), Person=3 (13729; 82%), Number=Sing (11852; 71%), Tense=Pres (11733; 70%), Aspect=Imp (10557; 63%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(32; 0% of non-emptyMood): биImp(248; 1% of non-emptyMood): виж, кажи, вземи, опитай, Излез, Прочети, вж., върни, дай, дайтеInd(16458; 98% of non-emptyMood): е, са, има, няма, може, трябва, беше, каза, могат, съобщиEMPTY(2814): имало, направил, дал, е, трябвало, заминал, направено, искал, казал, направили
| Paradigm съм | Ind | Cnd |
|---|---|---|
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | бил | |
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | била | |
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | било | |
| Definite=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | били | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | съм | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бях | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | си | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | би | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | е | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | беше, бе | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | сме | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | сте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бяхте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | са | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бяха |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 95% lemmas (2399) occur only with one value of Mood.
AUX
1889 bg-pos/AUX tokens (93% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1889; 100%), Voice=Act (1787; 95%), Person=3 (1667; 88%), Aspect=Imp (1641; 87%), Tense=Pres (1384; 73%), Number=Sing (1285; 68%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(102; 5% of non-emptyMood): би, бих, биха, бихте, бихмеInd(1787; 95% of non-emptyMood): е, са, бе, бъде, бяха, бъдат, беше, съм, сме, сиEMPTY(142): бил, били, била, било, е, са, би, бъдат, съм, беше
| Paradigm съм | Ind | Cnd |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | бях | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | съм | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1 | бих | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | беше | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | си | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2 | Би | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | бе, беше | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | е | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3 | би | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | бяхме | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | сме | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1 | бихме | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | сте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2 | бихте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | бяха | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | са | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3 | биха |
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (2313; 78%),
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1549; 85%),
VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (1139; 80%),
VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (355; 84%),
VERB –[dobj]–> VERB (167; 81%),
VERB –[nmod]–> VERB (85; 78%),
VERB –[csubjpass]–> VERB (30; 60%),
VERB –[cop]–> VERB (3; 100%),
VERB –[nsubj]–> VERB (3; 100%),
VERB –[iobj]–> VERB (1; 100%).
Mood in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]