home edit page issue tracker

UD Avestan Old

Language: Avestan (code: ae)
Family: IE

This treebank has been part of Universal Dependencies since the UD v2.19 release.

The following people have contributed to making this treebank part of UD: Peter Dirix.

Repository: UD_Avestan-Old
Search this treebank on-line: PML-TQ
Download all treebanks: UD 2.19

License: CC BY-SA 4.0

Genre: poetry

Questions, comments? General annotation questions (either Avestan-specific or cross-linguistic) can be raised in the main UD issue tracker. You can report bugs in this treebank in the treebank-specific issue tracker on Github. If you want to collaborate, please contact [peter • dirix (æt) kuleuven • be, peedirix (æt) gmail • com]. Development of the treebank happens directly in the UD repository, so you may submit bug fixes as pull requests against the dev branch.

Annotation	Source
Lemmas	annotated manually
UPOS	annotated manually, natively in UD style
XPOS	not available
Features	annotated manually, natively in UD style
Relations	annotated manually, natively in UD style

Description

UD_Avestan-Old is a manually annotated treebank for Old Avestan and is currently in progress. The corpus consists of religious poetry in the Zoroastrian tradition. Its goals is to cover Gathas 28-34. Currently it contains Gatha 28.

The text is taken from the Corpus Avesticum Berolinense with small adaptations and tagged manually with UPOS and dependency relations. For assigning UPOS, we relied as much as possible on the Old Avestan glossary of Prods Oktor Skjærvø.

Currently it consists of 18 sentences and about 240 words.

Acknowledgments

This was tagged manually by Peter Dirix (KU Leuven) and supported by prof. Velizar Sadvoski (Austrian Academy of Sciences).

References

• (citation) TBA.

Statistics of UD Avestan Old

POS Tags

ADJ – ADP – ADV – CCONJ – NOUN – PART – PRON – PROPN – SCONJ – VERB

Features

Aspect – Case – Degree – Gender – Mood – Number – Person – Poss – PronType – Tense – VerbForm – Voice

Relations

acl:relcl – advmod – amod – appos – case – cc – ccomp – conj – csubj – iobj – mark – nmod – nsubj – obj – obl – root – vocative – xcomp

Tokenization and Word Segmentation

• This corpus contains 24 sentences and 317 tokens.

• This corpus contains 26 tokens (8%) that are not followed by a space.

• This corpus does not contain words with spaces.

• This corpus contains 157 types of words that contain both letters and punctuation. Examples: cā., mazdā., aṣ̌ā., vohū., manaŋhō., ahurā., mā., vaŋhə̄uš., yā., dāidī., maińiiə̄uš., manaŋhā., mōi., tū., uruuānəm., yānīm., yāsā., ā., ϑβā., ahiiā., ahurəm., hacā., mąϑrā., nəmaŋhā., pōuruuīm., rafəδrahiiā., spəṇtahiiā., ustānazastō., vahištā., vahištəm., vīspə̄ṇg., xratūm., xšmaibiiā., xšnəuuīšā., yāiš., āiiaptā., š́iiaōϑanā., ahiiāsąm., ahurahiiā., ahurāi., aməṣ̌ā., anā., anāiš., apaōuruuīm., asūnā., aēibiiō., aēšē., aēšəmō., ańiiō., aŋhuš.

Morphology

Tags

• This corpus uses 10 UPOS tags out of 17 possible: ADJ, ADP, ADV, CCONJ, NOUN, PART, PRON, PROPN, SCONJ, VERB
• This corpus does not use the following tags: DET, NUM, AUX, INTJ, SYM, PUNCT, X

• This corpus contains 3 word types tagged as particles (PART): at̰., frō., ā.

• This corpus contains 12 lemmas tagged as pronouns (PRON): a-, ana-, azəm, azə̄m, i-, ka-, ta-, tū, vaēm, ya-, yūš, ϑβa

• This corpus contains 0 lemmas tagged as determiners (DET):

• This corpus contains 0 lemmas tagged as auxiliaries (AUX):

• There are 3 (de)verbal forms:

• Fin
  • VERB: dāidī., yāsā., xšnəuuīšā., bauuat̰., dadē., daidīt̰., darəsānī., dā̊s, gaidī., gərəždā.

• Inf
  • VERB: dāuuōi., vaōcaŋhē.

• Part
  • VERB: rapaṇtō., vaēdəmnō.

Nominal Features

• Gender

• Fem
  • ADJ: aṣ̌aōnīš.
  • NOUN: gāϑā̊., aṣ̌īm., aṣ̌īš, gə̄uš., hāitīm., yauuaētāitē., ārmaitiš., ārmaitē., īšəm.
  • PRON: yā., tąm.

• Masc
  • ADJ: spəṇtahiiā., ustānazastō., vahištəm., aməṣ̌ā., astuuatas, ańiiō., aṣ̌aōnō., dāϑə̄ṇg., hazaōšəm., mazištəm.
  • NOUN: ahurā., maińiiə̄uš., uruuānəm., ahurəm., gə̄uš, mąϑrā., xratūm., ahurahiiā., ahurāi., ahuuā̊.
  • PRON: yə̄., yāiš., ahiiāsąm., anā., aēibiiō., kaɱāi., kə̄., yaēibiias, yaēibiiō., yōi.
  • PROPN: mazdā., mazdāi., mazdā̊., mazdąm, zaraϑuštrahe.
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō., vaēdəmnō.

• Neut
  • ADJ: vohū., vaŋhə̄uš., pōuruuīm., vahištā., vīspə̄ṇg., apaōuruuīm., asūnā., auuat̰., aōjōnghuuat̰., aγžaōnuuamnəm.
  • NOUN: aṣ̌ā., manaŋhō., manas, manaŋhā., yānīm., nəmaŋhā., rafəδrahiiā., xšaϑrəm, āiiaptā., š́iiaōϑanā.
  • PRON: ahiiā., anāiš., hiiat̰, hiiat̰., kat̰., yā., īt̰., ϑβā.

• Number

• Dual
  • NOUN: ahuuā̊.

• Plur
  • ADJ: vīspə̄ṇg., aməṣ̌ā., asūnā., aṣ̌aōnīš., dāϑə̄ṇg., spəṇtā., vahištā., vaiṇtiiā., xᵛarāiϑiiā., zəuuīštiiā̊ŋhō.
  • NOUN: gāϑā̊., āiiaptā., š́iiaōϑanā., aṣ̌īš, duuaēšā̊., rādā̊., sauuaŋhąm., srauuā̊., stūtąm., uxδāiš.
  • PRON: və̄., vā̊., xšmaibiiā., yāiš., ahiiāsąm., anāiš., aēibiiō., aɱaibiiā, xšmat̰., yaēibiias
  • VERB-Fin: gə̄uruuāin., jasatā., srəuuīmā., sąstā., tauruuaiiāmā., tašat̰., vāurōimaidī., yazamaide., yōiϑəmā., zaranaēmā.
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō.

• Sing
  • ADJ: vohū., vaŋhə̄uš., pōuruuīm., spəṇtahiiā., ustānazastō., vahištəm., apaōuruuīm., astuuatas, auuat̰., ańiiō.
  • NOUN: aṣ̌ā., manaŋhō., ahurā., manas, maińiiə̄uš., manaŋhā., uruuānəm., yānīm., ahurəm., gə̄uš
  • PRON: mā., yə̄., mōi., tū., yā., ϑβā., ahiiā., maibiiā, anā., hiiat̰
  • PROPN: mazdā., mazdāi., mazdā̊., mazdąm, zaraϑuštrahe.
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., yāsā., xšnəuuīšā., bauuat̰., dadē., daidīt̰., darəsānī., dā̊s, gaidī., gərəždā.
  • VERB-Part: vaēdəmnō.

• Case

• Abl
  • NOUN: aṣ̌ā.at̰, aṣ̌āt̰., maińiiə̄uš.
  • PRON: xšmat̰., ϑβaɱāt̰.

• Acc
  • ADJ: pōuruuīm., vahištəm., vīspə̄ṇg., apaōuruuīm., asūnā., auuat̰., aōjōnghuuat̰., aγžaōnuuamnəm., darəgāiiū., dāϑə̄ṇg.
  • NOUN: manas, uruuānəm., yānīm., ahurəm., xratūm., xšaϑrəm, āiiaptā., š́iiaōϑanā., aṣ̌īm., aṣ̌īš
  • PRON: mā., vā̊., ϑβā., kat̰., tąm., yə̄m., yə̄ṇg., īt̰.
  • PROPN: mazdąm
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō.

• Dat
  • ADJ: səuuīštāi., vīspāi.
  • NOUN: ahurāi., fərašaōštrāi., gairē., narōi., rafəδrāi., vīštāspāi., yauuaētāitē., yauuē., zaraϑuštrāi.
  • PRON: və̄., mōi., maibiiā, xšmaibiiā., aēibiiō., aɱaibiiā, kaɱāi., maibiiō., yaēibiias, yaēibiiō.
  • PROPN: mazdāi.

• Gen
  • ADJ: vaŋhə̄uš., spəṇtahiiā., aṣ̌aōnō., daibišuuatō., vaŋhə̄uš
  • NOUN: manaŋhō., gə̄uš, maińiiə̄uš., rafəδrahiiā., ahurahiiā., ahuuā̊., aṣ̌ahiiā., gə̄uš., sauuaŋhąm., stūtąm.
  • PRON: ahiiā., ahiiāsąm.
  • PROPN: mazdā̊., zaraϑuštrahe.

• Ins
  • ADJ: vohū., ərəšuuāiš.
  • NOUN: aṣ̌ā., manaŋhā., mąϑrā., nəmaŋhā., hizuuā., uxδāiš., vāstriiā., yānāiš., āpanāiš., ə̄əā̊ŋhā.
  • PRON: yā., yāiš., anā., anāiš., āiš., ϑβā.

• Loc
  • NOUN: aēšē., dasəmē., xᵛāϑrē.
  • PRON: mə̄ṇ.

• Nom
  • ADJ: ustānazastō., aməṣ̌ā., astuuatas, ańiiō., pouruiiō., spəṇtā., vohū., vāunuš., vīduš., zəuuīštiiā̊ŋhō.
  • NOUN: aēšəmō., aŋhuš., hazas, manō., nəmō., rəmō., təuuiš, uruuā., vacō., vāstā.
  • PRON: yə̄., tū., hiiat̰, hiiat̰., kə̄., tuuə̄m., yōi., yūžə̄m.
  • VERB-Part: vaēdəmnō.

• Voc
  • ADJ: aṣ̌aōnīš., vahištā.
  • NOUN: ahurā., gāϑā̊., xrafstrā., ārmaitē.
  • PROPN: mazdā.

Degree and Polarity

• Degree

• Sup
  • ADJ: vahištā., vahištəm., mazištəm., səuuīštāi., zəuuīštiiā̊ŋhō.

Verbal Features

• Aspect

• Imp
  • VERB-Fin: yāsā., bauuat̰., dadē., daidīt̰., gərəždā., gə̄uruuāin., isāi., jasatā., nipā̊ŋhē., pairī.jasāi.
  • VERB-Inf: dāuuōi.
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō., vaēdəmnō.

• Perf
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., xšnəuuīšā., darəsānī., dā̊s, gaidī., rā̊ŋhaŋhōi., srəuuīmā., sąstā., sīšā., tašat̰.
  • VERB-Inf: vaōcaŋhē.

• Mood

• Imp
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., gaidī., jasatā., sīšā., xšaiiā

• Ind
  • VERB-Fin: yāsā., dadē., nipā̊ŋhē., vaēdā., vōistā., yazamaide., yōiϑəmā., āhišāiiā.

• Jus
  • VERB-Fin: bauuat̰., dā̊s, gərəždā., sąstā., tašat̰., ϑβarōždūm.

• Opt
  • VERB-Fin: xšnəuuīšā., daidīt̰., srəuuīmā., vāurōimaidī., zaranaēmā.

• Sub
  • VERB-Fin: darəsānī., gə̄uruuāin., isāi., pairī.jasāi., pərənā., rā̊ŋhaŋhōi., tauruuaiiāmā., tauuā, ufiiānī., varədaitī.

• Tense

• Past
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., xšnəuuīšā., darəsānī., dā̊s, gaidī., rā̊ŋhaŋhōi., srəuuīmā., sąstā., sīšā., tašat̰.
  • VERB-Inf: vaōcaŋhē.

• Pres
  • VERB-Fin: yāsā., bauuat̰., dadē., daidīt̰., gərəždā., gə̄uruuāin., isāi., jasatā., nipā̊ŋhē., pairī.jasāi.
  • VERB-Inf: dāuuōi.
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō., vaēdəmnō.

• Voice

• Act
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., yāsā., bauuat̰., daidīt̰., darəsānī., dā̊s, gaidī., gə̄uruuāin., isāi., jasatā.
  • VERB-Inf: dāuuōi., vaōcaŋhē.
  • VERB-Part: rapaṇtō.

• Mid
  • VERB-Fin: xšnəuuīšā., dadē., gərəždā., nipā̊ŋhē., pairī.jasāi., rā̊ŋhaŋhōi., vāurōimaidī., ϑβarōždūm.
  • VERB-Part: vaēdəmnō.

Pronouns, Determiners, Quantifiers

• PronType

• Dem
  • PRON: ahiiā., ahiiāsąm., anā., anāiš., aēibiiō., tąm., yāiš., āiš.

• Int
  • PRON: kat̰., kaɱāi., kə̄.

• Prs
  • PRON: mā., və̄., mōi., tū., vā̊., ϑβā., maibiiā, xšmaibiiā., aɱaibiiā, maibiiō.

• Rel
  • PRON: yā., yə̄., hiiat̰, hiiat̰., yaēibiias, yaēibiiō., yāiš., yōi., yə̄m., yə̄ṇg.

• Poss

• Yes
  • PRON: ϑβaɱāt̰., ϑβā.

• Person

• 1
  • PRON: mā., mōi., maibiiā, aɱaibiiā, maibiiō., mə̄ṇ.
  • VERB-Fin: yāsā., dadē., darəsānī., isāi., pairī.jasāi., pərənā., srəuuīmā., tauruuaiiāmā., tauuā, ufiiānī.

• 2
  • PRON: və̄., tū., vā̊., ϑβā., xšmaibiiā., tuuə̄m., xšmat̰., yūžə̄m., ϑβaɱāt̰.
  • VERB-Fin: dāidī., xšnəuuīšā., dā̊s, gaidī., jasatā., nipā̊ŋhē., rā̊ŋhaŋhōi., sąstā., sīšā., vōistā.

• 3
  • PRON: īt̰.
  • VERB-Fin: bauuat̰., daidīt̰., gərəždā., gə̄uruuāin., tašat̰., varədaitī., āhišāiiā.

Other Features

Syntax

Auxiliary Verbs and Copula

• This corpus does not contain copulas.

• This corpus does not contain auxiliaries.

Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts

Here we consider only relations between verbs (parent) and nouns or pronouns (child).

• nsubj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Nom (3)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Nom (10)

• obj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Acc (16)
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Ins (1)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Acc (10)
  • VERB-Inf--NOUN-Acc (1)

• iobj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Dat (3)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Acc (1)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Dat (8)
  • VERB-Inf--PRON-Dat (1)

Relations Overview

• This corpus uses 1 relation subtypes: acl:relcl
• The following 1 main types are not used alone, they are always subtyped: acl
• The following 19 relation types are not used in this corpus at all: expl, dislocated, advcl, discourse, aux, cop, nummod, det, clf, fixed, flat, compound, list, parataxis, orphan, goeswith, reparandum, punct, dep

© 2014–2024 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.