This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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VERB: verb

Verbs typically inflect for tense, mood and person and signal events and actions. Verbs can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause.

Auxiliary and modal verbs are not annotated as VERB but rather AUX.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Kazakh)

There are 339 VERB lemmas (18%), 713 VERB types (25%) and 1055 VERB tokens (17%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of VERB is: 2 in number of lemmas, 2 in number of types and 3 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent VERB lemmas: бол, де, ал, біл, кел, бер, тұр, шық, көр, тап

The 10 most frequent VERB types: _, деп, болып, алып, болған, біледі, болды, береді, басып, болады

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: бол (VERB 89, AUX 1), де (VERB 46, AUX 1), ал (VERB 33, AUX 24, CONJ 4, INTJ 1), кел (VERB 28, AUX 11), бер (VERB 26, AUX 8), тұр (VERB 19, AUX 8), шық (VERB 19, AUX 2), қара (VERB 13, ADJ 3, NOUN 2), бар (ADJ 22, VERB 12, AUX 2), баста (AUX 15, VERB 11, ADP 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (AUX 154, PART 76, NOUN 75, ADJ 72, VERB 29, PRON 23, CONJ 13, ADV 7, ADP 7, PROPN 5, NUM 4, PUNCT 1), деп (VERB 26, AUX 1), алып (VERB 11, ADJ 1, AUX 1), береді (VERB 8, AUX 2), болады (VERB 7, AUX 1), бастап (VERB 6, ADP 1), беріп (VERB 5, AUX 1), келді (VERB 4, AUX 2), келіп (VERB 3, AUX 1), шықты (VERB 4, AUX 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of VERB is 2.103245 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.549647).

The 1st highest number of forms (28) was observed with the lemma “бол”: _, бола, болады, болайын, болар, болатын, болды, болдым, болмады, болмайды, болмаса, болмасымды, болмаған, болса, болсаң, болсын, болу, болуы, болуымен, болуға, болып, болыпты, болғалы, болған, болған__жоқ, болғанымды, болғанын, боп.

The 2nd highest number of forms (18) was observed with the lemma “біл”: _, білген, білгенге, білгенді, білді, біле, біледі, білесің, білетін, білмедім, білмейді, білмейтін, білмек, білсең, білсін, білінбейді, білінген, біліп.

The 3rd highest number of forms (16) was observed with the lemma “ал”: ала, алам, алды, алдым, алсам__екен, алуды, алуы, алуға, алынады, алынды, алып, алып__еді, алыса, алыңыз, алған, алғанға.

VERB occurs with 12 features: kk-feat/VerbForm (158; 15% instances), kk-feat/Tense (149; 14% instances), kk-feat/Number (134; 13% instances), kk-feat/Person (134; 13% instances), kk-feat/Aspect (82; 8% instances), kk-feat/Case (35; 3% instances), kk-feat/Mood (31; 3% instances), kk-feat/Polarity (24; 2% instances), kk-feat/Voice (16; 2% instances), kk-feat/Number[psor] (7; 1% instances), kk-feat/Person[psor] (7; 1% instances), kk-feat/Evidentiality (1; 0% instances)

VERB occurs with 33 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Impf, Aspect=Perf, Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Evidentiality=Fh, Mood=Cond, Mood=Imper, Mood=Opt, Mood=Pot, Mood=Vol, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Plur,Sing, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=3, Polarity=Neg, Tense=Aor, Tense=Fut, Tense=Past, VerbForm=Coverb, VerbForm=Ger, VerbForm=Part, VerbForm=Trans, Voice=Coop, Voice=Pass

VERB occurs with 63 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (777 tokens). Examples: _, деп, болып, болған, болды, біледі, береді, бастап, басып, болыпты

Relations

VERB nodes are attached to their parents using 18 different relations: kk-dep/root (434; 41% instances), kk-dep/advcl (223; 21% instances), kk-dep/acl:relcl (91; 9% instances), kk-dep/conj (88; 8% instances), kk-dep/ccomp (66; 6% instances), kk-dep/cop (58; 5% instances), kk-dep/parataxis (33; 3% instances), kk-dep/csubj (30; 3% instances), kk-dep/acl (18; 2% instances), kk-dep/aux (4; 0% instances), kk-dep/nmod (2; 0% instances), kk-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), kk-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/dep (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/nsubj (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/remnant (1; 0% instances)

Parents of VERB nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: ROOT (434; 41% instances), VERB (399; 38% instances), NOUN (152; 14% instances), ADJ (52; 5% instances), PRON (9; 1% instances), PROPN (4; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances)

118 (11%) VERB nodes are leaves.

230 (22%) VERB nodes have one child.

206 (20%) VERB nodes have two children.

501 (47%) VERB nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a VERB node is 25.

Children of VERB nodes are attached using 28 different relations: kk-dep/punct (729; 26% instances), kk-dep/nmod (491; 18% instances), kk-dep/nsubj (415; 15% instances), kk-dep/dobj (331; 12% instances), kk-dep/advcl (216; 8% instances), kk-dep/aux (146; 5% instances), kk-dep/advmod (126; 5% instances), kk-dep/conj (90; 3% instances), kk-dep/ccomp (75; 3% instances), kk-dep/cc (37; 1% instances), kk-dep/parataxis (33; 1% instances), kk-dep/discourse (27; 1% instances), kk-dep/csubj (12; 0% instances), kk-dep/case (11; 0% instances), kk-dep/cop (8; 0% instances), kk-dep/xcomp (7; 0% instances), kk-dep/iobj (5; 0% instances), kk-dep/nmod:poss (4; 0% instances), kk-dep/vocative (3; 0% instances), kk-dep/acl:relcl (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/dep (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/det (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/dobj:caus (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/mark (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/remnant (1; 0% instances)

Children of VERB nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: NOUN (1017; 37% instances), PUNCT (716; 26% instances), VERB (399; 14% instances), AUX (148; 5% instances), PRON (145; 5% instances), PROPN (90; 3% instances), ADV (74; 3% instances), ADJ (70; 3% instances), PART (44; 2% instances), CONJ (32; 1% instances), NUM (13; 0% instances), ADP (11; 0% instances), SCONJ (8; 0% instances), INTJ (7; 0% instances), DET (1; 0% instances)


VERB in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]