This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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discourse: discourse element

This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation for discourse.

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Gothic)

This relation is universal.

1161 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as discourse.

815 instances of discourse (70%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 3.09302325581395.

The following 13 pairs of parts of speech are connected with discourse: VERB-ADV (1109; 96% instances), NOUN-ADV (15; 1% instances), PRON-ADV (11; 1% instances), ADJ-ADV (7; 1% instances), ADV-ADV (7; 1% instances), SCONJ-ADV (3; 0% instances), CONJ-ADV (2; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (2; 0% instances), ADJ-INTJ (1; 0% instances), ADP-ADV (1; 0% instances), NOUN-INTJ (1; 0% instances), NUM-ADV (1; 0% instances), PROPN-ADV (1; 0% instances).

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# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 2 discourse	color:blue
1	frawardjand	fra-wardjan	VERB	V-	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
2	auk	auk	ADV	Df	_	1	discourse	_	_
3	andwairþja	andwairþi	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur	1	dobj	_	_
4	seina	*seins	PRON	Pt	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	nmod	_	_
5	ei	ei	SCONJ	G-	_	6	mark	_	_
6	gasaiƕaindau	ga-saiƕan	VERB	V-	Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
7	mannam	manna#2	NOUN	Nb	Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur	6	iobj	_	_
8	fastandans	fastan	VERB	V-	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Strength=Weak|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	6	xcomp	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "ADV", [ [ 12, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 16, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "PRON", [ [ 27, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 33, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 36, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 49, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 56, 66 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-A1", "Mood", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A4", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A5", "VerbForm", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A6", "Voice", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Act" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A7", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "Acc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A8", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A10", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Acc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A11", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A13", "Person", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "3" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A14", "Poss", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Yes" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A15", "PronType", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A16", "Reflex", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "Yes" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A17", "Mood", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "Opt" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A18", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A19", "Person", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "3" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A20", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A21", "VerbForm", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A22", "Voice", "embedded-1-S1-T6", "Pass" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A23", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Dat" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A24", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A25", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A26", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A27", "Gender", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A28", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A29", "Strength", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Weak" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A30", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A31", "VerbForm", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Part" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A32", "Voice", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Act" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "discourse", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R5", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R6", "iobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R7", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: fra-wardjan" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V-" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: auk" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Df" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: andwairþi" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: *seins" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pt" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ei" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: G-" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ga-saiƕan" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V-" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: manna#2" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: fastan" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V-" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "discourse" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "frawardjand auk andwairþja seina ei gasaiƕaindau mannam fastandans",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 discourse	color:blue
1	soh	sah	ADJ	Pd	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	þan	þan	ADV	Df	_	3	discourse	_	_
3	widuwo	widuwo	NOUN	Nb	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	swe	swe	ADV	Df	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	jere	jer	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	ahtautehund	ahtautehund	NUM	Ma	_	5	nummod	_	_
7	jah	jah	CONJ	C-	_	6	cc	_	_
8	fidwor	fidwor	NUM	Ma	_	6	conj	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "ADJ", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "ADV", [ [ 4, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 8, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 15, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 19, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "NUM", [ [ 24, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "CONJ", [ [ 36, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "NUM", [ [ 40, 46 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "discourse", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "nummod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "conj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: sah" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pd" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: þan" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Df" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: widuwo" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: swe" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Df" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: jer" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ahtautehund" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Ma" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: jah" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C-" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: fidwor" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Ma" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "discourse" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "soh þan widuwo swe jere ahtautehund jah fidwor",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 3 discourse	color:blue
1	ƕo	ƕas	PRON	Pi	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	uþ	-uh	CONJ	C-	_	1	cc	_	_
3	þan	þan	ADV	Df	_	1	discourse	_	_
4	samaqisse	samaqiss	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	alhs	alhs	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	gudis	guþ	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
7	miþ	miþ	ADP	R-	_	8	case	_	_
8	galiugam	galiug	NOUN	Nb	Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "CONJ", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "ADV", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "NOUN", [ [ 10, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 20, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 25, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "ADP", [ [ 31, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "NOUN", [ [ 35, 43 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A4", "PronType", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Int" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A5", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A6", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A8", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A9", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Fem" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A10", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A12", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A14", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Dat" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A15", "Gender", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A16", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "discourse", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R6", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R7", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ƕas" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pi" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: -uh" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C-" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: þan" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Df" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: samaqiss" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: alhs" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: guþ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: miþ" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: R-" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: galiug" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Nb" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "discourse" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "ƕo uþ þan samaqisse alhs gudis miþ galiugam",
    "error": false
}

---

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