Form: Form
Form was introduced as a language specific feature for Irish and we have extended it here to Manx in order to mark initial mutations. This is particularly important in Manx because (unlike Irish and Scottish Gaelic), the mutation in question are not completely transparent given only a surface token.
Ecl: eclipsis
This feature occurs when the initial consonant or vowel of a word is eclipsed by a prefixing consonant. This is either a voiced consonant for voiceless consonants or a nasalised consonant for voiced consonants.
Examples
- bee-jee nyn dhost “be (pl.) silent” (lemma tost)
- ta ny sooillyn ain er vakin eh “our eyes have seen it” (lemma fakin)
Emp: emphatic
The emphatic form is a special form a word takes to mark emphasis in Manx.
Examples
- er my hons “as for me”
- lhiats eh shoh “Is this yours”
Len: lenition
Lenition is by far the most common means of initial mutation in the treebank.
Examples
- O hie Israel ”Oh house of Israel” (lemma thie)
- va mee my hoie “I was seated” (lemma soie)
- yn ven ”the woman” (lemma ben)
HPref: h-prefix
In certain contexts, usually triggered by the preceding word, an ”h” is prefixed to an initial vowel:
Examples
- a hinneenyn “her daughters”
- ny h-Ellanyn “the Islands”
Form in other languages: [ga] [gd] [gv] [ko] [la]