AUX

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`AUX`: auxiliary verb

Definition

An auxiliary verb is a verb that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, and voice. In Slovenian, only instances of the verb biti “to be” that accompany lexical verbs are marked as AUX.

Examples

Tistega večera sem.AUX preveč popil.VERB. “I drank too much that evening.”
V bolnišnici bodo.AUX uvedli.VERB šolo za starše. “A parenting school will be introduced in the hospital.”
Kam bi.AUX se lahko zatekla.VERB? “Where could she have hidden?”

Delimitation

Note that in cases, where biti is used independently as a copula or a content verb, it is marked as verb:

To je.VERB grozno. “This is horrible.”
Za nami je.VERB dolga vrsta. “There is a long queue behind us.”
Vsi smo.AUX bili.VERB zadovoljni. “We were all content.”

Conversion from JOS

In ssj500k, all instances of verb biti “to be” have been annotated as Type=auxiliary. To separate the actual auxiliary function from other functions, syntax has to be taken into account. Thus, tokens of biti bearing the dependency relation PPart with a main verb become annotated as `AUX˙.

Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian)

There are 1 AUX lemmas (0%), 30 AUX types (0%) and 7147 AUX tokens (5%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of AUX is: 16 in number of lemmas, 12 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent AUX lemmas: biti

The 10 most frequent AUX types: je, so, bi, bo, sem, ni, bodo, sta, smo, niso

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: biti (AUX 7147, VERB 3788)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: je (AUX 3057, VERB 1508, PRON 14), so (AUX 1089, VERB 473), bi (AUX 879, VERB 1, X 1), bo (AUX 376, VERB 171), sem (AUX 358, VERB 35, ADV 8), ni (AUX 247, VERB 239), bodo (AUX 225, VERB 40), sta (AUX 165, VERB 36, X 4), smo (AUX 163, VERB 42), niso (AUX 84, VERB 41)

je
- AUX 3057: Srebrni častni znak je prejela tudi Pia Mlakar .
- VERB 1508: Škoda je , da slovenski uporabniki iščejo informacije na tujih straneh .
- PRON 14: Opazil je novo jahto , ki je prejšnji dan še ni bilo v pristanišču .
so
- AUX 1089: Vsaj trije ali štirje so prišli na moja ušesa .
- VERB 473: Za zadovoljitev pomembne želje so pripravljeni vložiti več truda .
bi
- AUX 879: S tem naj bi bila zagotovljena objektivnost .
- VERB 1: Radi bi , da bi vsi imeli dovolj za življenje in da bi se lahko šolali .
- X 1: ( bi )
bo
- AUX 376: Naj bo tako , čeprav vas nihče ne bo podpiral , in daleč boste prišli .
- VERB 171: Naj bo tako , čeprav vas nihče ne bo podpiral , in daleč boste prišli .
sem
- AUX 358: Zdaj sem se spomnil , kam sem jo vtaknil !
- VERB 35: Joj , kako sem raztresen !
- ADV 8: Ne vem , zakaj sploh hodim sem !
ni
- AUX 247: Njihov spokojni življenski ritem se ni kresal z našim .
- VERB 239: S tem nikakor ni zmanjšan pomen enotne volje državljanov Slovenije .
bodo
- AUX 225: Slednje bodo vsakič ob podobnih primerih gotovo ponovno oživele .
- VERB 40: Kakšni bodo rezultati ?
sta
- AUX 165: Spominjam se dveh sosedov , ki sta bila med seboj skregana .
- VERB 36: Zakonodaja in trg delovne sile sta med seboj tesno povezana .
- X 4: ( sta )
smo
- AUX 163: Za to pomoč smo jim seveda tudi plačali .
- VERB 42: Malo smo napihnjeni , sem se pošalila .
niso
- AUX 84: Prvi ljudje še niso razvili poljedelstva .
- VERB 41: Odločitve predsednikov vlad vsekakor niso lahke .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of AUX is 30.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.894262).

The 1st highest number of forms (30) was observed with the lemma “biti”: as, b, bi, bil, bila, bili, bo, bodo, bojo, bom, bomo, bosta, boste, bova, je, ni, nisem, nisi, nismo, niso, nista, niste, nisva, sem, si, smo, so, sta, ste, sva.

AUX occurs with 7 features: VerbForm (7147; 100% instances), Mood (7126; 100% instances), Number (6261; 88% instances), Negative (6240; 87% instances), Person (6240; 87% instances), Tense (6240; 87% instances), Gender (21; 0% instances)

AUX occurs with 16 feature-value pairs: Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Mood=Cnd, Mood=Ind, Negative=Neg, Negative=Pos, Number=Dual, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Tense=Fut, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Fin, VerbForm=Part

Relations

AUX nodes are attached to their parents using 1 different relations: aux (7147; 100% instances)

Parents of AUX nodes belong to 6 different parts of speech: VERB (6436; 90% instances), ADJ (532; 7% instances), NOUN (165; 2% instances), PRON (7; 0% instances), PROPN (6; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances)

7146 (100%) AUX nodes are leaves.

0 (0%) AUX nodes have one child.

1 (0%) AUX nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a AUX node is 2.

Children of AUX nodes are attached using 2 different relations: cc (1; 50% instances), conj (1; 50% instances)

Children of AUX nodes belong to 2 different parts of speech: CONJ (1; 50% instances), VERB (1; 50% instances)

AUX in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

AUX: auxiliary verb