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neg: negation modifier

neg marks the relation between a negation word and the word it modifies.

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Er hat den Mann nicht gesehen . \n He didn't see the man .
neg(gesehen, nicht)
{
    "text": "Er hat den Mann nicht gesehen . \n He didn't see the man . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 11, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 22, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 30, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 34, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 37, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 44, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 48, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 52, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T14", "token", [ [ 56, 57 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

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Er will nicht mehr Fußball spielen . \n He doesn't want to play soccer anymore .
neg(mehr, nicht)
{
    "text": "Er will nicht mehr Fußball spielen . \n He doesn't want to play soccer anymore . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 19, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 27, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 35, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 39, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 42, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 50, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 55, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T13", "token", [ [ 58, 62 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T14", "token", [ [ 63, 69 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T15", "token", [ [ 70, 77 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T16", "token", [ [ 78, 79 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

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Er hat keinen Regenschirm mitgebracht . \n He didn't bring an umbrella .
neg(Regenschirm, keinen)
{
    "text": "Er hat keinen Regenschirm mitgebracht . \n He didn't bring an umbrella . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 26, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 38, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 42, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 45, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 52, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 58, 60 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T12", "token", [ [ 61, 69 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T13", "token", [ [ 70, 71 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_German)

This relation is universal.

1459 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as neg.

1170 instances of neg (80%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.28649760109664.

The following 27 pairs of parts of speech are connected with neg: VERB-PART (778; 53% instances), NOUN-PRON (276; 19% instances), ADV-PART (141; 10% instances), ADJ-PART (104; 7% instances), VERB-ADV (48; 3% instances), NOUN-PART (45; 3% instances), ADV-ADV (11; 1% instances), PRON-PART (10; 1% instances), PROPN-PROPN (8; 1% instances), CONJ-PART (6; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (5; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (4; 0% instances), PROPN-PART (4; 0% instances), ADP-PART (2; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (2; 0% instances), PART-PART (2; 0% instances), PROPN-ADV (2; 0% instances), SCONJ-PART (2; 0% instances), AUX-ADV (1; 0% instances), AUX-PART (1; 0% instances), DET-PART (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (1; 0% instances), NOUN-DET (1; 0% instances), NUM-PART (1; 0% instances), PART-ADV (1; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (1; 0% instances), VERB-PRON (1; 0% instances).

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# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 4 neg	color:blue
1	Mehr	_	PRON	_	_	5	dobj	_	_
2	braucht	_	AUX	_	_	5	aux	_	_
3	man	_	PRON	_	_	5	nsubj	_	_
4	nicht	_	PART	_	_	5	neg	_	_
5	sagen	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
6	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	5	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AUX", [ [ 5, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "PRON", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 17, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 23, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "neg" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Mehr braucht man nicht sagen .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 7 neg	color:blue
1	Hab	_	AUX	_	_	9	aux	_	_
2	'	_	PUNCT	_	_	1	punct	_	_
3	ich	_	PRON	_	_	9	nsubj	_	_
4	vorher	_	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
5	noch	_	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	von	_	ADP	_	_	8	case	_	_
7	keinem	_	PRON	_	_	8	neg	_	_
8	Optiker	_	NOUN	_	_	9	nmod	_	_
9	geboten	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
10	bekommen	_	VERB	_	_	9	xcomp	_	_
11	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	9	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AUX", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "PUNCT", [ [ 4, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "PRON", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 10, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "ADV", [ [ 17, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "ADP", [ [ 22, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "PRON", [ [ 26, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "NOUN", [ [ 33, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "VERB", [ [ 41, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "VERB", [ [ 49, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T11", "PUNCT", [ [ 58, 59 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R6", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R7", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R8", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R9", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "embedded-5-S1-T7", "neg" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "Hab ' ich vorher noch von keinem Optiker geboten bekommen .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 4 neg	color:blue
1	Brauch	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
2	ich	_	PRON	_	_	1	nsubj	_	_
3	aber	_	ADV	_	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	nicht	_	PART	_	_	5	neg	_	_
5	wieder	_	ADV	_	_	1	advmod	_	_
6	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	1	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 7, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "ADV", [ [ 11, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 16, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "ADV", [ [ 22, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R0", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R2", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R3", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R4", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "neg" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ],
    "text": "Brauch ich aber nicht wieder .",
    "error": false
}

---

neg in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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