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nsubj: nominal subject

A nominal subject (nsubj) is a nominal which is the syntactic subject and the proto-agent of a clause. That is, it is in the position that passes typical grammatical test for subjecthood, and this argument is the more agentive, the do-er, or the proto-agent of the clause. (See csubj for when the subject is clausal. See nsubjpass and csubjpass for when the subject is not the proto-agent argument due to valence changing operations.) This nominal may be headed by a noun, or it may be a pronoun or relative pronoun, or in ellipsis contexts, other things such as an adjective.

«!- The nsubj role is only applied to semantic arguments of a predicate. When there is an empty argument in a grammatical subject position (sometimes called a pleonastic or expletive), it is labeled as expl. If there is then a displaced subject in the clause, as in the English existential there construction, it will be labeled as nsubj.) –>

The governor of the nsubj relation might not always be a verb: when the verb is a copular verb, the root of the clause is the complement of the copular verb, which can be an adjective or noun, including a noun marked by a preposition, as in the examples below.

Note that when the subject appears after the verb, it is still tagged as nsubj.

Note that complex subjects are treated as conjunctions and only the first element of the conjunction holds the nsubj relation.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese)

This relation is universal.

11176 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as nsubj.

9617 instances of nsubj (86%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 3.76744810307802.

The following 60 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nsubj: VERB-NOUN (4479; 40% instances), VERB-PRON (2676; 24% instances), VERB-PROPN (2018; 18% instances), ADJ-NOUN (373; 3% instances), NOUN-NOUN (346; 3% instances), NOUN-PROPN (150; 1% instances), NOUN-PRON (137; 1% instances), ADV-NOUN (112; 1% instances), VERB-ADJ (107; 1% instances), VERB-DET (103; 1% instances), PRON-NOUN (91; 1% instances), ADJ-PROPN (83; 1% instances), ADJ-PRON (76; 1% instances), VERB-NUM (51; 0% instances), PROPN-NOUN (41; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (33; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (31; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (30; 0% instances), SYM-NOUN (20; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (19; 0% instances), NUM-NOUN (18; 0% instances), DET-PRON (16; 0% instances), NUM-PROPN (14; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (13; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (12; 0% instances), VERB-SYM (11; 0% instances), ADP-NOUN (10; 0% instances), SCONJ-NOUN (10; 0% instances), ADJ-ADJ (9; 0% instances), ADV-ADJ (8; 0% instances), NOUN-DET (8; 0% instances), ADJ-DET (7; 0% instances), DET-PROPN (6; 0% instances), PRON-PROPN (6; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (5; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (5; 0% instances), ADJ-NUM (4; 0% instances), PROPN-PROPN (4; 0% instances), ADV-NUM (3; 0% instances), PRON-NUM (3; 0% instances), SCONJ-PRON (3; 0% instances), SCONJ-PROPN (3; 0% instances), SYM-PRON (3; 0% instances), PROPN-ADJ (2; 0% instances), VERB-ADV (2; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (1; 0% instances), ADJ-SYM (1; 0% instances), ADP-PROPN (1; 0% instances), ADV-ADV (1; 0% instances), AUX-NOUN (1; 0% instances), DET-ADJ (1; 0% instances), DET-NUM (1; 0% instances), INTJ-PROPN (1; 0% instances), NOUN-SYM (1; 0% instances), NUM-DET (1; 0% instances), PRON-ADJ (1; 0% instances), SCONJ-ADJ (1; 0% instances), SYM-PROPN (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADP (1; 0% instances), VERB-SCONJ (1; 0% instances).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-Bosque)

This relation is universal.

12069 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as nsubj.

10467 instances of nsubj (87%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 4.1125196785152.

The following 46 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nsubj: VERB-NOUN (5100; 42% instances), VERB-PRON (2899; 24% instances), VERB-PROPN (2065; 17% instances), NOUN-NOUN (409; 3% instances), ADJ-NOUN (383; 3% instances), NOUN-PROPN (182; 2% instances), NOUN-PRON (177; 1% instances), PROPN-PROPN (152; 1% instances), VERB-ADJ (109; 1% instances), PRON-NOUN (100; 1% instances), ADJ-PRON (80; 1% instances), ADJ-PROPN (80; 1% instances), VERB-NUM (57; 0% instances), PROPN-NOUN (46; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (26; 0% instances), NUM-NOUN (21; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (20; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (19; 0% instances), NUM-PROPN (14; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (14; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (13; 0% instances), PRON-PROPN (11; 0% instances), VERB-SYM (11; 0% instances), SYM-NOUN (10; 0% instances), ADJ-ADJ (9; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (8; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (8; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (6; 0% instances), ADJ-NUM (5; 0% instances), PRON-NUM (5; 0% instances), VERB-DET (5; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (4; 0% instances), PRON-ADJ (3; 0% instances), ADV-ADJ (2; 0% instances), PROPN-ADJ (2; 0% instances), SCONJ-NOUN (2; 0% instances), SYM-PRON (2; 0% instances), VERB-VERB (2; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (1; 0% instances), ADJ-SCONJ (1; 0% instances), INTJ-PROPN (1; 0% instances), NOUN-DET (1; 0% instances), SCONJ-ADJ (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADP (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADV (1; 0% instances), VERB-SCONJ (1; 0% instances).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-BR)

This relation is universal.

14579 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as nsubj.

13240 instances of nsubj (91%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 3.35098429247548.

The following 48 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nsubj: VERB-NOUN (6649; 46% instances), VERB-PRON (3594; 25% instances), VERB-PROPN (2618; 18% instances), NOUN-NOUN (496; 3% instances), NOUN-PROPN (329; 2% instances), NOUN-PRON (271; 2% instances), PRON-NOUN (125; 1% instances), ADJ-NOUN (84; 1% instances), VERB-NUM (63; 0% instances), PROPN-NOUN (52; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (49; 0% instances), VERB-PART (45; 0% instances), PROPN-PROPN (43; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (31; 0% instances), PRON-PROPN (21; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (18; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (12; 0% instances), VERB-VERB (7; 0% instances), PART-PROPN (6; 0% instances), VERB-CONJ (5; 0% instances), ADP-PROPN (4; 0% instances), NOUN-PART (4; 0% instances), NUM-NOUN (4; 0% instances), NUM-PROPN (4; 0% instances), VERB-ADJ (4; 0% instances), VERB-X (4; 0% instances), X-NOUN (4; 0% instances), ADJ-PROPN (3; 0% instances), ADP-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (3; 0% instances), AUX-NOUN (3; 0% instances), AUX-PRON (3; 0% instances), NOUN-VERB (2; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADJ-DET (1; 0% instances), ADP-PRON (1; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (1; 0% instances), ADV-PART (1; 0% instances), AUX-NUM (1; 0% instances), AUX-PROPN (1; 0% instances), CONJ-NUM (1; 0% instances), PART-NOUN (1; 0% instances), PART-PRON (1; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (1; 0% instances), PROPN-CONJ (1; 0% instances), PROPN-PART (1; 0% instances), VERB-DET (1; 0% instances), X-X (1; 0% instances).


nsubj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]
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