case: case marking
In Italian, the case relation is used for any preposition introducing a noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb. Prepositions are treated as dependents of the noun they attach to or introduce in an “extended nominal projection”. Thus, contrary to previous versions of the Italian Treebank, UD does not treat a preposition as a mediator between a modified word and its object. The case relation aims at providing a more uniform analysis of prepositions and case in morphologically rich languages.
Sono d' accordo su il principio
case(principio, su)
det(principio, il)
nmod(Sono, accordo)
nmod(accordo, principio)
il ministro di l' Interno
case(Interno, di)
det(Interno, l')
nmod(ministro, Interno)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)
This relation is universal.
38248 nodes (14%) are attached to their parents as case.
38246 instances of case (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.75721606358502.
The following 23 pairs of parts of speech are connected with case: it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/ADP (29644; 78% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/ADP (5067; 13% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/ADP (1632; 4% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/ADP (770; 2% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/ADV (265; 1% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/ADP (255; 1% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/ADP (207; 1% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/ADP (118; 0% instances), it-pos/SYM-it-pos/ADP (54; 0% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/ADV (41; 0% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/NOUN (35; 0% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/ADV (30; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/ADP (30; 0% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/ADP (27; 0% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/ADV (20; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/ADV (17; 0% instances), it-pos/X-it-pos/ADP (14; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/ADV (9; 0% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/ADV (6; 0% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), it-pos/PUNCT-it-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances).
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1 Corriere Corriere PROPN SP _ 0 root _ _
2 Sport Sport PROPN SP _ 1 name _ _
3 da da ADP E _ 4 case _ _
4 pagina pagina NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
5 23 23 NUM N NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _
6 a a ADP E _ 7 case _ _
7 pagina pagina NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
8 26 26 NUM N NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _
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1 Alcune alcuno DET DI Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind 2 det _ _
2 chiamate chiamata NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _
3 partirono partire VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
4 da da ADP E _ 6 case _ _
5 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 6 det _ _
6 Quirinale Quirinale PROPN SP _ 3 nmod _ _
7 . . PUNCT FS _ 3 punct _ _
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1 Tutti tutto DET T Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 det:predet _ _
2 gli il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art 3 det _ _
3 esseri essere NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _
4 umani umano ADJ A Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 amod _ _
5 sanno sapere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
6 di di ADP E _ 9 mark _ _
7 poter potere AUX VM VerbForm=Inf 9 aux _ _
8 essere essere VERB V VerbForm=Inf 9 cop _ _
9 più più ADV B _ 5 xcomp _ _
10 di di ADP E _ 11 case _ _
11 ciò ciò PRON PD Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 nmod _ _
12 che che PRON PR PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _
13 sono essere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _
14 . . PUNCT FS _ 5 punct _ _
case in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]