iobj: indirect object
An indirect object is a nominal which corresponds to a dative object.
Il m' envoie une lettre . \n He sends me a letter .
iobj(envoie, m')
When the indirect object is realized with a preposition, it gets analyzed with the nmod relation:
Il envoie la lettre à la présidente . \n He sends the letter to the president .
nmod(envoie, présidente)
case(présidente, à)
The iobj relation is also used for pronouns in prononimal verbs which are indirect objects:
Il se parle tout haut. \n He speaks to himself out loud .
iobj(parle, se)
Treebank Statistics (UD_French)
This relation is universal.
920 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as iobj.
911 instances of iobj (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.8554347826087.
The following 7 pairs of parts of speech are connected with iobj: fr-pos/VERB-fr-pos/PRON (835; 91% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/PRON (49; 5% instances), fr-pos/ADJ-fr-pos/PRON (24; 3% instances), fr-pos/PRON-fr-pos/PRON (6; 1% instances), fr-pos/VERB-fr-pos/ADP (4; 0% instances), fr-pos/ADV-fr-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), fr-pos/PROPN-fr-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 iobj color:blue
1 Elle _ PRON _ _ 3 nsubj _ _
2 y _ PRON _ _ 3 iobj _ _
3 incarnera _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
4 la _ DET _ _ 5 det _ _
5 Poussette _ PROPN _ _ 3 dobj _ _
6 de _ ADP _ _ 7 case _ _
7 Manon _ PROPN _ _ 5 nmod _ _
8 peu _ ADV _ _ 9 mwe _ _
9 de _ DET _ _ 10 det _ _
10 temps _ NOUN _ _ 3 nmod _ _
11 après _ ADP _ _ 10 advmod _ _
12 . _ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 5 iobj color:blue
1 Le _ DET _ _ 2 det _ _
2 roi _ NOUN _ _ 8 nsubj _ _
3 Mutesa _ PROPN _ _ 2 appos _ _
4 II _ NUM _ _ 3 nummod _ _
5 en _ PRON _ _ 8 iobj _ _
6 devient _ VERB _ _ 8 cop _ _
7 le _ DET _ _ 8 det _ _
8 président _ NOUN _ _ 0 root _ _
9 à _ ADP _ _ 10 case _ _
10 vie _ NOUN _ _ 8 nmod _ _
11 . _ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ _
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 3 iobj color:blue
1 Le _ DET _ _ 2 det _ _
2 coût _ NOUN _ _ 6 nsubj _ _
3 en _ PRON _ _ 6 iobj _ _
4 est _ VERB _ _ 6 cop _ _
5 moins _ ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ _
6 difficile _ ADJ _ _ 0 root _ _
7 . _ PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ _
iobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]