nsubj:pass: passive nominal subject
The nsubj:pass relation is used for the subject of a passive sentence. In Cantonese, the passive subject may be directly (1) or indirectly (2) affected by the action expressed by the verb; the latter case is known as an “indirect passive” (Matthews and Yip, 2011), where the verb can still have a direct object, as seen in (2).
# visual-style 4 1 nsubj:pass color:blue
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 我 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj:pass _ 1SG
2 畀 _ ADP _ _ 3 case _ AGT
3 校長 _ NOUN _ _ 4 obl:agent _ school-principal
4 罰 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ punish
1 "I'm _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 being _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 punished _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 by _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 principal." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 4 1 nsubj:pass color:blue
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 我 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj:pass _ 1SG
2 畀 _ ADP _ _ 3 case _ AGT
3 人 _ NOUN _ _ 4 obl:agent _ person
4 偷 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ punish
5 咗 _ AUX _ _ 4 aux _ PERF
6 錢 _ VERB _ _ 4 obj _ money
1 "Somebody _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 stole _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 money _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 from _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 me _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 (lit. _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
7 I _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
8 by _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
9 someone _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
10 stole _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
11 (my) _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
12 money)." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
References
- Matthews, Stephen and Virginia Yip. 2011. Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar, 2nd ed. Routledge.
nsubj:pass in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [fr] [gd] [gsw] [he] [hy] [id] [it] [jv] [ka] [no] [pa] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sv] [tn] [tr] [u] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]