Subcat: verbal subcategory
This feature takes the following values: Intr, Tran.
| Values: | Intr | Tran |
Ambitransitive verbs are annotated as either transitive or intransitive based on the morpho-syntactic and semantic evidence.
Intr: Intransitive
Intransitive verbs always show the same case frame with verb forms derived from the so-called present and past stem.
Examples:
- Intransitive verbs and middle verbs: subject in direct case and in agreement with the verb.
ā=š rōz čiyōn ōšmārīhēd “How, then, are the days counted by him?” - Modal verbs and experiencer verbs: subject in oblique case, second participant in direct case and in agreement with the verb.
u=mān abāyēd rawāgēnīd ān čē=š kām “and we must fulfil that what (is) his wish” (lit. fulfilling that is necessary for us)
Tran: Transitive
Transitive verbs show accusative alignment with verb forms derived from the so-called present stem, and ergative alignment with verb forms derived from the so-called past stem. The ergative construction can be interpreted as either active or passive.
Examples:
- subject (man) in agreement with the verb (-ēm): ud nūn man az tō se frašn pursēm “and now I am going to ask you three riddles”
- object (ašmāh) in agreement with the verb (hēd): wizīd=uš hēd ašmā u=š druyist kird hēd “he (obl.) has chosen you and he (obl.) has made (you) well”
- passive interpretation: ōy kē xwadāymard az=iš āzard ēstēd dūr waštan “The one by whom the master has been hurt is to be removed!”
Subcat in other languages: [af] [axm] [ess] [hy] [ka] [oge] [pal] [quc] [u] [xmf]