Derivation: derivation
(Please note: this part of the documentation is not yet completed.)
Language-specific feature identifying the form of derivation applied to a word.
AdvstO: adverb derived in -сто/-стэ
Produces adverbs indicating manner
Examples
- [myv] домкасто “in depth”
Dimin: derivation with suffix -ыне/-ине/-не/-нэ
Produces diminutive derivations of nouns.
Examples
- [myv] пулыне “a small tail”
GenAttr: genitive attribute -Онь
Produces indefinite genitive-like modifiers from adverbs
Examples
- [myv] алкуксонь “real”
NomAg: derivation with suffix -ы/-и
Produces nomen agensis (non-temporal).
Examples
- [myv] стада ваны “herder”
- [myv] эри ялга “live in friend”
OkshnOms: derivation with suffix -ОкшнОмс
Produces deverbal verbs indicating discontinuous past.
Examples
- [myv] сакшкомс “to have arrived
"
Omka: derivation with suffix -Омка
Produces deverbal nouns that generally indicate an instrument.
Examples
- [myv] а тескеть карксозонзо поволезь ванстомкатне \n “and here are the amulets hung on his belt”
OvOms: derivation with suffix -ОвОмс
Produces a verb form with epistemic modality and an inherent telicity but no volition. With derivations from transitive verbs this may be close to a “get” passive, whereas the intransitive derivation seems closer to a “manage to/happen to” reading.
Examples
- [myv] содавомс “to get recognized”
- [myv] удовомс “to manage to sleep (too much)”
- [myv] ярсавомс “to eat (too much)”
Ovt: derivation with suffix -Овт/-Овть
Produces participle-like adnominal modifiers. In grammars, it is requires a genitive modifiers,
but in literature it may also be used with a genitive modifier in a similar function to Ozj.
Examples
- [myv] валськень правт лов \n “snow that has fallen in the morning”
- [myv] ойсэ вадневть картуз \n “a hat that is smeared with grease”
Ozj: derivation with suffix -Озь
Produces converb.
Examples
- [myv] ютазь “having passed”
PronGak: derivation with suffix -гак/-как/-ак
Produces indefinite pronouns, adverbs.
Examples
- [myv] кияк “anybody”
- [myv] мезеяк “anything”
- [myv] косояк “anywhere”
Cond: protasis marker, aka conditional -Ондеря-
Marks the protasis verb, which may be in the the so-called subjunctive (presumably this conditional) and indicative non-past and past (quite infrequent).
Examples
- [myv] Мериндеряволь исяк — саевлинек эйкакшонть мартонок… “if he/she/it had said yesterday, we would have taken the child with us.”
VSj: derivation with suffix -сь
Produces participle-like form from verb.
Examples
- [myv] синдсь политикадонть “about battered policy”
VerbYcja: derivation with suffix -ыця/-иця
Used with verbs for participle type including a deictic element ця/се
Examples
- [myv] сэредиця “someone who is ill”
- [myv] эриця ялга “living friend, friend who is alive”
VerbYks: derivation with suffix -ыкс/-икс
Used with verbs for participle type indicating potential
Examples
- [myv] кадовикс “tending to be left”
VGen: verbal genitive
Used with verbs to produce adnominal attributes without temporal dynamism.
Examples
- [myv] апак учонь “unexpected”
- [myv] салтонь куяр “salt pickle”
Voc: vocative derivation with suffix -й
Used with proper nouns and kinship terms ending in vowels.
Examples
- [myv] ялгай “friend”
Shka: derivation with suffix -шка
Used to indicat approximate or near equivalent.
Examples
- [myv] сатышка “enough”
VocKaj: vocative derivation with suffix -кай
Used with common and proper nouns and kinship terms ending in vowels and consonants.
Examples
- [myv] ялгакай “friend”
- [myv] нумолкай “rabbit”
Derivation in other languages: [abq] [apu] [fi] [koi] [kpv] [mdf] [myv] [sms] [yrl]