Degree

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`Degree`: degree of comparison

Description

Degree of comparison is a feature of adjectives, some adverbs, and verbs in participle form. Comparative suffixes can sometimes be used with common nouns as well. Typically there are three degrees of comparison: positive or first, comparative or second and superlative or third degree. Some descriptions include exaggerative degrees, e.g. [hu] legeslegjobb “better than best”, however it is commonly treated as derivation, compounding or just separate lexemes and appears typically in very limited situations.

`Pos`: Positive or first degree

Positive degree is the neutral, typically unmarked form.

Positive examples

[fi] kaunis “pretty”, nopeasti “fast”, kauas “far”



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# sentence-text: Pientä painostusta ilmassa, jos nyt rehellisiä ollaan.
1       Pientä  pieni   ADJ     A       Case=Par|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 2       amod    _       _
2       painostusta     painostus       NOUN    N       Case=Par|Number=Sing    0       root    _       _
3       ilmassa ilma    NOUN    N       Case=Ine|Number=Sing    2       nmod    _       SpaceAfter=No
4       ,       ,       PUNCT   Punct   _       7       punct   _       _
5       jos     jos     SCONJ   C       _       7       mark    _       _
6       nyt     nyt     ADV     Adv     _       7       advmod  _       _
7       rehellisiä      rehellinen      ADJ     A       Case=Par|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 2       advcl   _       _
8       ollaan  olla    VERB    V       Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass     7       cop     _       SpaceAfter=No
9       .       .       PUNCT   Punct   _       2       punct   _       _
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "ADJ", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 19, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "PUNCT", [ [ 27, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 29, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "ADV", [ [ 33, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "ADJ", [ [ 37, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 48, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "PUNCT", [ [ 55, 56 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Par" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A2", "Degree", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A4", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "Par" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A6", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "Ine" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A8", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Par" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A9", "Degree", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A10", "Number", "embedded-1-S1-T7", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A11", "Mood", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A12", "Tense", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A13", "VerbForm", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A14", "Voice", "embedded-1-S1-T8", "Pass" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R5", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R6", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R7", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R8", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: pieni" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: painostus" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ilma" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ," ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: jos" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: nyt" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: rehellinen" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "Pientä painostusta ilmassa , jos nyt rehellisiä ollaan .",
    "error": false
}

`Cmp`: Comparative or second degree

Comparative is used for comparison or comparable qualities.

Comparative examples

[fi] kauniimpi “prettier”, nopeammin “faster”, kauemmas “further”
[fi] ranta (noun) “a beach”, rannemmas “further towards / into a beach”



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# sentence-text: Toivottavasti se on parempi kuin eilinen mahalasku.
1       Toivottavasti   toivottavasti   ADV     Adv     _       4       advmod  _       _
2       se      se      PRON    Pron    Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem       4       nsubj:cop       _       _
3       on      olla    VERB    V       Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 4       cop
     _       _
4       parempi hyvä    ADJ     A       Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing 0       root    _       _
5       kuin    kuin    SCONJ   C       _       7       mark    _       _
6       eilinen eilinen ADJ     A       Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 7       amod    _       _
7       mahalasku       maha#lasku      NOUN    N       Case=Nom|Number=Sing    4       advcl   _       SpaceAfter=No
8       .       .       PUNCT   Punct   _       4       punct   _       _
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "ADV", [ [ 0, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 14, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "ADJ", [ [ 20, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 28, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "ADJ", [ [ 33, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 41, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "PUNCT", [ [ 51, 52 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "PronType", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A10", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A11", "Degree", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Cmp" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A13", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A14", "Degree", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A16", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A17", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: toivottavasti" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: se" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: hyvä" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kuin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: eilinen" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: maha#lasku" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "Toivottavasti se on parempi kuin eilinen mahalasku .",
    "error": true
}

`Sup`: Superlative or third degree

Superlative is used for ultimate within compared group quality.

Superlative examples

[fi] kaunein “prettiest”, nopeimmin (or nopeiten) “fastest”, kauimmas “furthest”



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# sentence-text: Joulun suurin tarkoitus on muistuttaa meitä suurimmasta rakkaudesta.
1       Joulun  joulu   NOUN    N       Case=Gen|Number=Sing    2       nmod:poss       _       _
2       suurin  suuri   ADJ     A       Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing 3       amod    _       _
3       tarkoitus       tarkoitus       NOUN    N       Case=Nom|Number=Sing    5       nsubj:cop       _       _
4       on      olla    VERB    V       Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5       cop
     _       _
5       muistuttaa      muistuttaa      VERB    V       InfForm=1|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act    0       root
    _       _
6       meitä   minä    PRON    Pron    Case=Par|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs      5       dobj    _       _
7       suurimmasta     suuri   ADJ     A       Case=Ela|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing 8       amod    _       _
8       rakkaudesta     rakkaus NOUN    N       Case=Ela|Number=Sing    5       nmod    _       SpaceAfter=No
9       .       .       PUNCT   Punct   _       5       punct   _       _
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "ADJ", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 14, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 24, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 27, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "PRON", [ [ 38, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "ADJ", [ [ 44, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "NOUN", [ [ 56, 67 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "PUNCT", [ [ 68, 69 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A3", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A4", "Degree", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Sup" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A6", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A7", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A8", "Mood", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A10", "Person", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "3" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A11", "Tense", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A12", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A13", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Act" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A14", "InfForm", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "1" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A16", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A17", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Act" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A18", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Par" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A20", "Person", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "1" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A21", "PronType", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A22", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Ela" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A23", "Degree", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Sup" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A24", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A25", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Ela" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A26", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "nmod:poss", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R6", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R7", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R8", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: joulu" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: suuri" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tarkoitus" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: muistuttaa" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: minä" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: suuri" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: rakkaus" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Joulun suurin tarkoitus on muistuttaa meitä suurimmasta rakkaudesta .",
    "error": true
}

Degree in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

Degree: degree of comparison