dobj: direct object
The direct object of a verb is the noun phrase that denotes the entity acted upon. Most often the direct object is in the accusative case but there are verbs that require their objects be in other cases (except for nominative and vocative).
Accusative example:
Я купил машину . \n I have-bought car .
dobj(купил, машину)
dobj(have-bought, car)
Genitive example:
Я не боюсь этого . \n I-am not afraid of this .
dobj(боюсь, этого)
dobj(afraid, this)
Dative example:
Но это не соответствует действительности . \n But this not corresponds to-reality .
dobj(соответствует, действительности)
dobj(corresponds, to-reality)
Instrumental example:
Президент руководит страной . \n The President rules the country .
dobj(руководит, страной)
dobj(rules, country)
In general, if there is just one object, it should be labeled dobj,
regardless of the morphological case or semantic role that it bears. If there are two or more
objects, one of them should be dobj and the others should be
iobj. In such cases it is necessary to decide what is the most
directly affected object (patient). The one exception is when there is a clausal complement. Then the clausal complement is regarded as a “clausal direct object” and an object nominal will be an iobj.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This relation is universal.
2631 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
2289 instances of dobj (87%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.09692132269099.
The following 25 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (2199; 84% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PRON (213; 8% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (119; 5% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (18; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NUM (16; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/NOUN (11; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/SYM (8; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/DET (7; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADP-ru-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/AUX-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NUM-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/SYM-ru-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 8 9 dobj color:blue
1 В В ADP IN _ 2 case _ _
2 выборах ВЫБОРЫ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _
3 могли МОЧЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
4 участвовать УЧАСТВОВАТЬ VERB VB Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _
5 только ТОЛЬКО PART UH _ 6 discourse _ _
6 граждане ГРАЖДАНИН NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _
7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _
8 платящие ПЛАТИТЬ VERB VBNL Animacy=Anim|Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 6 acl _ _
9 налоги НАЛОГ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 dobj _ _
10 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 3 dobj color:blue
1 Они ОНИ PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 nsubj _ _
2 вели ВЕСТИ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 себя СЕБЯ PRON PRP Case=Acc|Reflex=Yes 2 dobj _ _
4 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _
5 словно СЛОВНО SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _
6 оба ОБА NUM CD Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc 8 nsubj _ _
7 не НЕ PART NEG _ 8 neg _ _
8 ожидали ОЖИДАТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _
9 встретить ВСТРЕТИТЬ VERB VB Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _
10 друг ДРУГ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 dobj _ _
11 друга ДРУГ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _
12 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
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# visual-style 5 7 dobj color:blue
1 Ещё ЕЩЕ ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _
2 в В ADP IN _ 3 case _ _
3 правление ПРАВЛЕНИЕ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _
4 отца ОТЕЦ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
5 получил ПОЛУЧИТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
6 Западную ЗАПАДНЫЙ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Variant=Full 7 amod _ _
7 Моравию МОРАВИЯ PROPN NNP Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 dobj _ _
8 ( ( PUNCT ( _ 9 punct _ _
9 1029 1029 ADJ ORD Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ _
10 ) ) PUNCT ) _ 9 punct _ _
11 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This relation is universal.
33390 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
26695 instances of dobj (80%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.05693321353699.
The following 20 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (27314; 82% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PRON (3883; 12% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (1135; 3% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (897; 3% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (65; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (41; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADV (12; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/ADJ (9; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/PROPN (8; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/PRON (6; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/SYM (6; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/NOUN (5; 0% instances), ru-pos/PART-ru-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PART-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/SCONJ-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances).
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1 Разумеется разумеется ADV _ Degree=Pos 6 parataxis _ _
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _
3 эти этот DET _ Case=Acc|Number=Plur 4 det _ _
4 объяснения объяснение NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur 7 dobj _ _
5 вряд_ли вряд_ли ADV _ Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _
6 можно можно ADV _ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _
7 счесть считать VERB _ Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf 6 nsubj _ _
8 убедительными убедительный ADJ _ Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 7 nmod _ _
9 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 3 dobj color:blue
1 Она она PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 означает означать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
3 нечто нечто PRON _ _ 2 dobj _ _
4 принципиально принципиально ADV _ Degree=Pos 5 advmod _ _
5 другое другой ADJ _ Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 3 amod _ _
6 - - PUNCT - _ 5 punct _ _
7 продолжение продолжение NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _
8 работы работа NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _
9 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
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# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 7 8 dobj color:blue
1 Назвать называть VERB _ Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf 5 nsubj _ _
2 это это NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 1 dobj _ _
3 формализмом формализм NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
4 - - PUNCT - _ 3 punct _ _
5 все_равно все_равно ADV _ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _
6 что что SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ _
7 назвать называть VERB _ Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _
8 черное черный ADJ _ Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 7 dobj _ _
9 белым белый ADJ _ Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _
10 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
dobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]