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aux: auxiliary

An auxiliary of a clause is a non-main verb of the clause, e.g., a modal auxiliary, or a form of ha “have” or være “be” in a periphrastic tense. Exception: Auxiliary verb used to construct the passive voice is not labeled aux but auxpass.

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Dette har vi i Norge merket \n This we have in Norway noticed
aux(merket,har)
{
    "text": "Dette har vi i Norge merket \n This we have in Norway noticed ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 15, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 21, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 30, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 35, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 38, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 43, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 46, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 53, 60 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

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deres siste øyeblikk er kommet \n Their last moment has is come
aux(kommet,er)
{
    "text": "deres siste øyeblikk er kommet \n Their last moment has is come ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 21, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 24, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 39, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 44, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 51, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 55, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 58, 62 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

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Helseadvarslene må være tydelige \n The health warnings must be clear
aux(tydelige, må)
{
    "text": "Helseadvarslene må være tydelige \n The health warnings must be clear ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 19, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 24, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 35, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 39, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 46, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 55, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 60, 62 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 63, 68 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Norwegian)

This relation is universal.

8858 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as aux.

8835 instances of aux (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.804696319711.

The following 9 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: VERB-AUX (8143; 92% instances), ADJ-AUX (361; 4% instances), NOUN-AUX (252; 3% instances), ADP-AUX (32; 0% instances), ADV-AUX (29; 0% instances), PRON-AUX (21; 0% instances), PROPN-AUX (10; 0% instances), DET-AUX (8; 0% instances), NUM-AUX (2; 0% instances).

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# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 7 aux	color:blue
1	Dette	dette	PRON	_	Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
2	uaktet	uaktet	ADP	_	_	8	mark	_	_
3	at	at	SCONJ	_	_	8	mark	_	_
4	også	også	ADV	_	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	han	han	PRON	_	Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	selv	selv	DET	_	PronType=Prs	5	det	_	_
7	har	ha	AUX	_	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	underskrevet	underskrive	VERB	_	VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
9	dommen	dom	NOUN	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	8	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	$.	PUNCT	_	_	1	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "ADP", [ [ 6, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "SCONJ", [ [ 13, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 16, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "PRON", [ [ 21, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "DET", [ [ 25, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AUX", [ [ 30, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 34, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "NOUN", [ [ 47, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 54, 55 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-A1", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Neut" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A4", "PronType", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A5", "Animacy", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Anim" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A6", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A7", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A8", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A9", "Person", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "3" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A10", "PronType", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A11", "PronType", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A12", "Mood", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A13", "Tense", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A14", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T8", "Part" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A16", "Definite", "embedded-4-S1-T9", "Def" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A17", "Gender", "embedded-4-S1-T9", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A18", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T9", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R5", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R6", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R7", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R8", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T10" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: dette" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: uaktet" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: at" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: også" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: han" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: selv" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ha" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: underskrive" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: dom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: $." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "embedded-4-S1-T7", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Dette uaktet at også han selv har underskrevet dommen .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 2 aux	color:blue
1	Starten	start	NOUN	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	kunne	kunne	AUX	_	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	ha	ha	AUX	_	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
4	vært	være	VERB	_	VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	bedre	god	ADJ	_	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	$.	PUNCT	_	_	5	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AUX", [ [ 8, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AUX", [ [ 14, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 17, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 22, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 28, 29 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-A1", "Definite", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Def" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A4", "Mood", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A5", "Tense", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Past" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A6", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A7", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A8", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Part" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A9", "Degree", "embedded-5-S1-T5", "Cmp" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: start" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kunne" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ha" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: være" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: god" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: $." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "Starten kunne ha vært bedre .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 4 aux	color:blue
1	125-årsdagen	125-årsdag	NOUN	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	i	i	ADP	_	_	3	case	_	_
3	dag	dag	NOUN	_	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	må	måtte	AUX	_	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	være	være	VERB	_	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	en	en	DET	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	blandet	blande	ADJ	_	Definite=Ind|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	8	amod	_	_
8	følelse	følelse	NOUN	_	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	_	_	10	case	_	_
10	Høyre	Høyre	PROPN	_	_	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	$.	PUNCT	_	_	8	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "ADP", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 15, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AUX", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "DET", [ [ 27, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T7", "ADJ", [ [ 30, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T8", "NOUN", [ [ 38, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T9", "ADP", [ [ 46, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T10", "PROPN", [ [ 50, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T11", "PUNCT", [ [ 56, 57 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-A1", "Definite", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Def" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A2", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A4", "Definite", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A5", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A7", "Mood", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A10", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A11", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A13", "PronType", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Art" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A14", "Definite", "embedded-6-S1-T7", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T7", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A16", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T7", "Part" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A17", "Definite", "embedded-6-S1-T8", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A18", "Gender", "embedded-6-S1-T8", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T8", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R3", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R4", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R5", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R6", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R7", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R8", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R9", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: 125-årsdag" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: i" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: dag" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: måtte" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: være" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: en" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: blande" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: følelse" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: for" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: Høyre" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: $." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T8", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T8", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T8", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ],
    "text": "125-årsdagen i dag må være en blandet følelse for Høyre .",
    "error": false
}

---

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