foreign: foreign words
We use foreign to label sequences of foreign words. These are given a linear analysis: the head is the first token in the foreign phrase.
In the Italian Treebank, the only cases attested appear with words POS tagged as X. The only exception to that happens when foreign proper names are part of a sequence of foreign words (as in the last example).
Dulcis/X in/X fundo/X, il portamento .
foreign(Dulcis, in)
foreign(Dulcis, fundo)
Home/X run/X .
foreign(Home, run)
Il primo disco si chiama Greetings/X from/X Asbury/PROPN Park/PROPN .
foreign(Greetings, from)
foreign(Greetings, Asbury)
foreign(Greetings, Park)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)
This relation is universal.
76 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as foreign.
76 instances of foreign (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.76315789473684.
The following 5 pairs of parts of speech are connected with foreign: it-pos/X-it-pos/X (71; 93% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/X (2; 3% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/X (1; 1% instances), it-pos/X-it-pos/NUM (1; 1% instances), it-pos/X-it-pos/PROPN (1; 1% instances).
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1 Dulcis dulcis X SW _ 6 nmod _ _
2 in in X SW _ 1 foreign _ _
3 fundo fundo X SW _ 1 foreign _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT FF _ 1 punct _ _
5 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 6 det _ _
6 portamento portamento NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
7 : : PUNCT FC _ 6 punct _ _
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1 Yamanote Yamanote PROPN SP _ 5 nsubjpass _ SpaceAfter=No
2 - - PUNCT FF _ 1 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
3 sen sen X SW _ 1 foreign _ _
4 è essere AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 auxpass _ _
5 scritto scrivere VERB V Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _
6 ufficialmente ufficialmente ADV B _ 5 advmod _ _
7 senza senza ADP E _ 8 case _ _
8 kana kana PROPN SP _ 5 nmod _ _
9 " " PUNCT FB _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
10 no no PROPN SP _ 5 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
11 " " PUNCT FB _ 10 punct _ _
12 ( ( PUNCT FB _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
13 の の PROPN SP _ 10 nmod _ _
14 o o CONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _
15 ノ ノ PROPN SP _ 13 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
16 ) ) PUNCT FB _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT FF _ 5 punct _ _
18 rendendo rendere VERB V VerbForm=Ger 5 advcl _ _
19 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 21 det _ _
20 sua suo DET AP Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 det:poss _ _
21 pronuncia pronuncia NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 dobj _ _
22 ambigua ambiguo ADJ A Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
23 . . PUNCT FS _ 5 punct _ _
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1 Il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 2 det _ _
2 valore valore NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _
3 di di ADP E _ 4 case _ _
4 soglia soglia NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT FF _ 2 punct _ _
6 spesso spesso ADV B _ 7 advmod _ _
7 espresso esprimere VERB V Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 acl _ _
8 in in ADP E _ 9 case _ _
9 AOT40 AOT40 PROPN SP _ 7 nmod _ _
10 ( ( PUNCT FB _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
11 Accumulated accumulated X SW _ 9 appos _ _
12 ozone ozone X SW _ 11 foreign _ _
13 over over X SW _ 11 foreign _ _
14 Threshold threshold X SW _ 11 foreign _ _
15 of of X SW _ 11 foreign _ _
16 40 40 NUM N NumType=Card 11 foreign _ _
17 ppb ppb X SW _ 11 foreign _ SpaceAfter=No
18 ) ) PUNCT FB _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
19 , , PUNCT FF _ 2 punct _ _
20 a a ADP E _ 22 case _ _
21 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 22 det _ _
22 di di ADP E _ 28 nmod _ _
23 sopra sopra ADV B _ 22 mwe _ _
24 di di ADP E _ 26 case _ _
25 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 26 det _ _
26 quale quale PRON PR Number=Sing|PronType=Rel 22 nmod _ _
27 si si PRON PC Person=3|PronType=Clit 28 expl _ _
28 manifestano manifestare VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _
29 danni danno NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _
30 fogliari fogliare ADJ A Number=Plur 29 amod _ _
31 visibili visibili ADJ A Number=Plur 29 amod _ _
32 su su ADP E _ 34 case _ _
33 le il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art 34 det _ _
34 piante pianta NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _
35 sensibili sensibile ADJ A Number=Plur 34 amod _ SpaceAfter=No
36 , , PUNCT FF _ 2 punct _ _
37 è essere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
38 di di ADP E _ 40 case _ _
39 700 700 NUM N NumType=Card 40 nummod _ _
40 ppb ppb NOUN S _ 37 nmod _ _
41 / / PUNCT FF _ 40 punct _ _
42 ora ora ADV B _ 40 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
43 , , PUNCT FF _ 37 punct _ _
44 calcolato calcolare VERB V Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 37 advcl _ _
45 su su ADP E _ 47 case _ _
46 tre tre NUM N NumType=Card 47 nummod _ _
47 giorni giorno NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 44 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
48 . . PUNCT FS _ 37 punct _ _
foreign in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]