case

This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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`case`: case marking

This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation for case.

Treebank Statistics (UD_Indonesian)

This relation is universal.

11897 nodes (10%) are attached to their parents as case.

11492 instances of case (97%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.28536605867025.

The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with case: NOUN-ADP (7384; 62% instances), PROPN-ADP (2881; 24% instances), VERB-ADP (1330; 11% instances), ADJ-ADP (158; 1% instances), PRON-ADP (64; 1% instances), ADV-ADP (32; 0% instances), NUM-ADP (27; 0% instances), SYM-ADP (16; 0% instances), ADP-ADP (2; 0% instances), DET-ADP (2; 0% instances), SCONJ-ADP (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 1 case	color:blue
1	Dibawah	_	ADP	_	_	2	case	_	_
2	Pimpinan	_	NOUN	_	_	10	nmod	_	_
3	beliau	_	PRON	_	_	2	det	_	_
4	pun	_	PART	_	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	SMA	_	PROPN	_	_	10	nsubj	_	_
6	Negeri	_	PROPN	_	_	5	name	_	_
7	3	_	PROPN	_	_	8	nummod	_	_
8	Madiun	_	PROPN	_	_	6	name	_	_
9	terus	_	ADV	_	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	berkembang	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
11	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	10	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "ADP", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 8, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "PRON", [ [ 17, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 24, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "PROPN", [ [ 28, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "PROPN", [ [ 32, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "PROPN", [ [ 39, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "PROPN", [ [ 41, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "ADV", [ [ 48, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T10", "VERB", [ [ 54, 64 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T11", "PUNCT", [ [ 65, 66 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R5", "name", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R6", "nummod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R7", "name", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R8", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R9", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "case" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "Dibawah Pimpinan beliau pun SMA Negeri 3 Madiun terus berkembang .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 case	color:blue
1	Bagaimana	_	ADV	_	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	dengan	_	ADP	_	_	3	case	_	_
3	Bu	_	PROPN	_	_	8	nmod	_	_
4	Acih	_	PROPN	_	_	3	name	_	_
5	yang	_	PRON	_	_	7	nsubj	_	_
6	juga	_	ADV	_	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	telanjur	_	ADJ	_	_	3	amod	_	_
8	sayang	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
9	kepada	_	ADP	_	_	10	case	_	_
10	Sinar	_	PROPN	_	_	8	nmod	_	_
11	?	_	PUNCT	_	_	8	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "ADV", [ [ 0, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "ADP", [ [ 10, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "PROPN", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "PROPN", [ [ 20, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "PRON", [ [ 25, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "ADV", [ [ 30, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "ADJ", [ [ 35, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 44, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "ADP", [ [ 51, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "PROPN", [ [ 58, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "PUNCT", [ [ 64, 65 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "name", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R8", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R9", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "case" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "Bagaimana dengan Bu Acih yang juga telanjur sayang kepada Sinar ?",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 7 case	color:blue
1	Semakin	_	ADV	_	_	6	mark	_	_
2	jauh	_	ADJ	_	_	1	amod	_	_
3	,	_	PUNCT	_	_	6	punct	_	_
4	maka	_	DET	_	_	5	det	_	_
5	warnanya	_	NOUN	_	_	6	nsubj	_	_
6	berubah	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
7	dari	_	ADP	_	_	6	case	_	_
8	jingga	_	ADJ	_	_	6	amod	_	_
9	menjadi	_	VERB	_	_	6	ccomp	_	_
10	biru	_	ADJ	_	_	9	amod	_	_
11	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	6	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "ADV", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "ADJ", [ [ 8, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "PUNCT", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "DET", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 20, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 29, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "ADP", [ [ 37, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "ADJ", [ [ 42, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "VERB", [ [ 49, 56 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T10", "ADJ", [ [ 57, 61 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "PUNCT", [ [ 62, 63 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R6", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R7", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R8", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R9", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "case" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Semakin jauh , maka warnanya berubah dari jingga menjadi biru .",
    "error": false
}

case in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

case: case marking

Treebank Statistics (UD_Indonesian)

`case`: case marking