mark: marker
A marker is the word introducing a clause subordinate to another clause. For a complement clause, this will typically be that or whether. For an adverbial clause, the marker is typically a preposition like before or a subordinating conjunction fulfilling a similar role like while or although. The mark is a dependent of the subordinate clause head.
Forces engaged in fighting after insurgents attacked
mark(attacked, after)
He says that you like to swim
mark(swim, that)
The infinitive marker to is analyzed as a mark.
I tried to finish it
mark(finish, to)
When a a noun or a verb takes a prepositionally marked non-core argument (modifier) and that modifier is a clause, then we also label that prepositon as mark (as it would not seem reasonable to call it case when it is marking a clause). The result will commonly be a doubly marked clause.
We have no useful information on whether users are at risk .
nsubj(have, We)
neg(information, no)
amod(information, useful)
dobj(have, information)
mark(risk, on)
mark(risk, whether)
nsubj(risk, users)
cop(risk, are)
case(risk, at)
acl(information, risk)
punct(have, .)
Treebank Statistics (UD_English)
This relation is universal.
8897 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as mark.
8893 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.48207260874452.
The following 52 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (3724; 42% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (3515; 40% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (383; 4% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (368; 4% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (308; 3% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (94; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (83; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (67; 1% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (60; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (34; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (34; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (34; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (29; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (16; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (15; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/SCONJ (13; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (10; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/DET (9; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (9; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADP (8; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (8; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (8; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (6; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (5; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (4; 0% instances), en-pos/INTJ-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADP (4; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/CONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 13 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 13 fgColor:white
# visual-style 13 12 mark color:blue
1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 mark _ _
2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _
3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _
5 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 dobj _ _
6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _
7 their they PRON PRP$ Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _
8 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _
10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _
11 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _
13 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 5 mark color:blue
1 Now now ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _
3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _
4 wonder wonder VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
5 if if SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _
6 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _
7 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _
8 even even ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _
9 survive survive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _
10 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 9 mark color:blue
1 i i PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _
2 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _
3 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 0 root _ _
4 out out ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _
5 tonight tonight NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod:tmod _ _
6 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _
7 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 aux _ _
8 wasted wasted ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 advcl _ _
9 if if SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 anyone anyone PRON NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _
11 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _
12 interested interested ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)
This relation is universal.
5081 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as mark.
5076 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.26864790395591.
The following 35 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (2307; 45% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (1885; 37% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (346; 7% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (175; 3% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (136; 3% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (39; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (39; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (32; 1% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (19; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (18; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (15; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (11; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (10; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (8; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (8; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/INTJ-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), en-pos/X-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 6 mark color:blue
1 _ _ PRON EX _ 2 expl _ _
2 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 0 root _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 5 det _ _
4 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 amod _ _
5 _ _ NOUN NN _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 _ _ PART TO _ 7 mark _ _
7 _ _ VERB VB _ 5 acl _ _
8 _ _ ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _
9 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 _ _ DET DT _ 11 det _ _
11 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 12 nsubj _ _
12 _ _ VERB VBP _ 2 advcl _ _
13 _ _ PART RB _ 12 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VB _ 12 xcomp _ _
15 _ _ PRON NN _ 14 dobj _ _
16 _ _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 9 mark color:blue
1 _ _ PRON EX _ 2 expl _ _
2 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 0 root _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 5 det _ _
4 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 amod _ _
5 _ _ NOUN NN _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 _ _ PART TO _ 7 mark _ _
7 _ _ VERB VB _ 5 acl _ _
8 _ _ ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _
9 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 _ _ DET DT _ 11 det _ _
11 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 12 nsubj _ _
12 _ _ VERB VBP _ 2 advcl _ _
13 _ _ PART RB _ 12 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VB _ 12 xcomp _ _
15 _ _ PRON NN _ 14 dobj _ _
16 _ _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 6 mark color:blue
1 _ _ CONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _
2 _ _ PRON PRP _ 3 nsubj _ _
3 _ _ NOUN NN _ 0 root _ _
4 _ _ PRON DT _ 3 dobj _ _
5 _ _ PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _
6 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _
7 _ _ PRON PRP _ 9 expl _ _
8 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 9 cop _ _
9 _ _ ADJ JJR _ 3 advcl _ _
10 _ _ PRON NN _ 11 dobj _ _
11 _ _ VERB VBG _ 9 csubj _ _
12 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _
13 _ _ VERB VBG _ 9 advcl _ _
14 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 13 dobj _ _
15 _ _ ADP IN _ 16 case _ _
16 _ _ PRON NN _ 13 nmod _ _
17 _ _ PRON WDT _ 18 nsubj _ _
18 _ _ VERB VB _ 16 acl:relcl _ _
19 _ _ PRON PRP _ 18 dobj _ _
20 _ _ VERB VB _ 18 xcomp _ _
21 _ _ PRON NN _ 20 dobj _ _
22 _ _ PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)
This relation is universal.
2682 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as mark.
2674 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.5324384787472.
The following 42 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (1118; 42% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (1101; 41% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (111; 4% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (78; 3% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (75; 3% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (27; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (21; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (21; 1% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/SCONJ (17; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (17; 1% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/ADV (15; 1% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (10; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (8; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (7; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (6; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/CONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/SCONJ (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/CONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PUNCT-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PUNCT-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 4 mark color:blue
1 Is _ VERB PRES _ 3 cop _ _
2 it _ PRON PERS-SG _ 3 expl _ _
3 possible _ ADJ POS _ 0 root _ _
4 that _ SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ _
5 you _ PRON PERS-P2 _ 6 nsubj _ _
6 know _ VERB PRES _ 3 csubj _ _
7 the _ DET DEF _ 8 det _ _
8 people _ NOUN PL _ 6 dobj _ _
9 involved _ VERB PASS _ 8 amod _ _
10 ? _ PUNCT QuestionMark _ 3 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 6 mark color:blue
1 Select _ VERB IMP _ 0 root _ _
2 the _ DET DEF _ 3 det _ _
3 line _ NOUN SG _ 1 dobj _ _
4 you _ PRON PERS-P2 _ 5 nsubj _ _
5 want _ VERB PRES _ 3 acl:relcl _ _
6 to _ PART _ _ 7 mark _ _
7 copy _ VERB INF _ 5 xcomp _ _
8 and _ CONJ _ _ 7 cc _ _
9 press _ VERB INF _ 7 conj _ _
10 CTRL _ PROPN SG _ 9 dobj _ _
11 – _ PUNCT Dash _ 1 punct _ _
12 C _ PROPN SG _ 10 nmod _ _
13 . _ PUNCT Period _ 1 punct _ _
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 3 mark color:blue
1 She _ PRON PERS-SG-NOM _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 thinks _ VERB PRES _ 0 root _ _
3 that _ SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ _
4 it _ PRON PERS-SG _ 6 nsubj _ _
5 is _ VERB PRES _ 6 cop _ _
6 sly _ ADJ POS _ 2 xcomp _ _
7 of _ ADP _ _ 8 case _ _
8 me _ PRON PERS-P1SG-ACC _ 6 nmod _ _
9 to _ PART _ _ 10 mark _ _
10 deny _ VERB INF _ 8 acl _ _
11 this _ PRON DEM-SG _ 10 dobj _ _
12 . _ PUNCT Period _ 2 punct _ _
mark in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]